CARROT FAMILY 



237 



4. Ligusticum Grayi Coult. & Rose. Gray's Lovage. Fig. 3516. 



Ligusticiim apiifolium var. minor A. Gray, Bot. Calif. 1 : 264. 1876. 



Ligusticum Grayi Coult. & Rose, Rev. N. Amer. Umbell. 88. 1888. 



Ligusticum purpiireum Coult. & Rose, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 7: 137. 1900. 



Ligusticum Cusickii Coult & Rose, op. cit. 138. 



Ligusticum Pringlei Coult. & Rose, loc. cit. 



Ligusticum teniiifolium var. dissimilis A. Nels. Bot. Gaz. 53: 224. 1912. 



Stems naked or with one or few much-reduced cauHne leaves, slender, 2-6 dm. high, glabrous 

 throughout. Leaves ternate-pinnate ; leaflets ovate to oblong, 1-2 cm. long, pinnatifid into 

 oblong acute or obtuse divisions; rays 5-14, 2-3.5 cm. long; bractlets few, linear, setaceous; 

 pedicels 3-8 mm. long; fruit oval-oblong, 4-6 mm. long; ribs narrowly winged; oil-tubes 3-5 

 in the intervals, 8 on the commissure. 



Mountain meadows and open slopes, mainly Canadian Zone; Washington to the Sierra Nevada of central 

 California, east to Nevada and Montana. Type locality: "Ostrander's Meadows," Yosemite Valley, California. 

 June-Oct. 



5. Ligusticum californicum Coult. & Rose. California Lovage. Fig. 3517. 



Ligusticum californicum Coult. & Rose, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 7: 132. 1900. 



Plants caulescent, stout, glabrous throughout. Leaves bipinnate to ternate-pinnate; leaf- 

 lets ovate, 2-4 cm. long, toothed or cleft into few, linear-oblong divisions ; peduncles alternate 

 or occasionally verticillate ; rays 9-20, 2,-7 cm. long; bractlets several, linear; pedicels 5-11 

 mm. long; fruit oval, 4-6 mm. long; ribs narrowly winged; oil-tubes several in the intervals 

 and on the commissure ; seed-face concave. 



Open places, Transition Zone; North Coast Ranges, California. Type locality: Covelo, Mendocino County, 

 California. June-Aug. 



23. CICUTA L. Sp. PI. 255. 1753. 



Caulescent, branching, glabrous perennials from a tuberous base bearing fibrous, 

 fleshy-fibrous or tuberous roots. Leaves broad, 1-3-pinnate or ternate-pinnate, the leaf- 

 divisions serrate to incised. Involucre wanting or inconspicuous. Rays numerous, slen- 

 der, forming a convex umbel. Bractlets narrow, rarely none. Flowers white or green- 

 ish. Sepals evident. Stylopodium depressed or low-conical ; styles short. Fruit oval to 

 orbicular or ellipsoid, flattened laterally and often constricted at the commissure, glab- 

 rous ; ribs usually prominent, obtuse and corky. Oil-tubes solitary in the intervals, 2 on 

 the commissure. [The ancient Latin name.] 



A circumboreal genus of about 8 poorly differentiated species. Type species, Cicuta virosa L. 



Axils of the leaves bulbiferous; fruit usually abortive. 1. C. bulbifera. 



Axils of the leaves not bulbiferous; fruit well developed. 



Oil-tubes large; seed oily, evidently channeled under the oil-tubes. 2. C. Bolanderi. 



Oil-tubes small; seed less oily, terete or only slightly sulcate under the oil-tubes. 3. C. Douglasii. 



1. Cicuta bulbifera L. Bulb-bearing Water Hemlock. Fig. 3518. 



Cicuta bulbifera L. Sp. PI. 255. 1753. 



Slender from an erect tuberous base, 3-10 dm. high, the upper leaf-axils bearing clustered 

 bulblets. Leaves oblong to ovate, 0.5-1.5 dm. long, 2-3-pinnate ; leaf-divisions linear to linear- 

 lanceolate, 1-8 cm. long, sparsely toothed to incised; rays 1.5-2.5 cm. long; fruit rarely ma- 

 turing, globose, 1 . 5-2 mm. long, constricted at the commissure ; ribs low and broad ; oil-tubes 

 small. 



Marshes and lake borders, mainly Transition Zones; British Columbia to Klamath Lake, eastern Oregon, 

 and east to the Atlantic coast. Type locality: "Virginia, Canada." Aug. 



3516 



3516. Ligusticum Grayi 



3517 



3517. Ligusticum californicum 



3518 

 3518. Cicuta bulbifera 



