CARROT FAMILY 241 



28. OROGENIA S. Wats. Bot. King Expl. 120. 1871. 



Low glabrous nearly acaulescent perennials, with tuberous or fusiform roots, the 

 underground portion of the stem clothed with large scarious, bladeless sheaths. Leaves 

 1-3-ternate, with narrow divisions. Involucre none ; involucels of a few linear bract- 

 lets or none. Flowers white. Sepals minute. Fruit oblong to oval, slightly flattened 

 laterally, with filiform dorsal ribs, the lateral corky -thickened and extending toward the 

 other carpel. Stylopodium depressed. Oil-tubes minute, several in the intervals and on 

 the commissural side. The commissure with a corky rib-like longitudinal projection on 

 its face. Seed-face slightly concave. [Greek, meaning mountain race, in allusion to the 

 habitat.] 



A genus of 2 species, natives of the western United States. Type species, Orogenia linearifolia S. Wats. 



Stems from deep-seated globose tubers; dorsal ribs prominent. 1. O. linearifolia. 



Stems from long fusiform roots; dorsal ribs obscure. 2. O. fusiformis. 



1. Orogenia linearifolia S. Wats. Great Basin Orogenia. Fig. 3526. 



Orogenia linearifolia S. Wats. Bot. King Expl. 120. pi. 14. figs. 1-3. 1871. 

 Orogenia linearifolia var. lata Payson, Bot. Gaz. 60: 379. 1915. 



Stems slender, rising 5-15 cm. from a globose or ovoid tuber. Leaves 2 or 3, ovate, ternate 

 or biternate; petioles slender; leaf -divisions 1.5-7 cm. long, entire; rays 1-4, 0.2-2.5 cm. long; 

 flowers subsessile ; fruit 3-4 mm. long, oblong-oval ; dorsal ribs prominent. 



Moist shaded slopes, Canadian Zone; Washington, east to Montana, south to Utah and southwestern Colo- 

 rado. Type locality: damp shaded ridges, 7,500 feet altitude, Wahsatch Mountains north of Parley's Park, Utah. 

 May-July. 



2. Orogenia fusiformis S. Wats. California Orogenia. Fig. 3527. 



Orogenia fusiformis S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 22: 474. 1887. 



Resembling the preceding species, the stems rising 5-14 cm. from a fusiform tuber. Leaves 

 ovate to deltoid, ternate to triternate; leaf -divisions 0.5-6 cm. long, the terminal often 3-parted; 

 rays 1-8, 0.5-3 cm. long ; fruit 3-4 mm. long, oval ; dorsal ribs obscure or obsolete. 



Mountains, Transition Zones; southern Oregon to central California. May-July. 



29. FOENfCULUM Adans. Fam. PI. 2: 101. 1763. 



Erect biennial or perennial glabrous and glaucous herbs, with anise odor and with 

 pinnately compound leaves and linear or capillary leaf-divisions. Flowers yellow, in com- 

 pound umbels. Involucre and involucels wanting. Sepals obsolete. Stylopodium conical. 

 Fruit oblong, slightly flattened laterally, glabrous; ribs prominent; oil-tubes solitary in the 

 intervals. [Diminutive of the Latin word foenum, hay, for its odor.] 



An Old World genus of 4 species. Type species, Anethum Foeniculum L. 



1. Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Sweet Fennel. Fig. 3528. 



Anethum Foeniculum L. Sp. PI. 263. 1753. 



Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Card. Diet. ed. 8. no. 1. 1768. 



Perennial, branched, 9-21 dm. high. Leaves very finely pinnately dissected into capillary 

 divisions; petioles broad, clasping; umbels large; rays 15-40, glaucous, 1-6.5 cm. long; pedicels 

 2-10 mm. long, slender; fruit oblong, about 3.5-4 mm. long. 



Roadsides and waste places; frequent, especially in southern and central California. Naturalized from Eu- 

 rope. May-Sept. 



30. ZiZIA Koch. PI. Umbell. Nov. Disp. 128. 1825. 



Perennial herbs with usually glabrous herbage. Leaves 1-2-ternate or the basal 

 sometimes entire. Flowers yellow in compound umbels, the central fruit of each umbellet 

 sessile. Involucre none; involucels of several small bractlets. Sepals prominent. Fruit 

 oval or oblong, compressed laterally, glabrous or nearly so; ribs filiform; oil-tubes soli- 

 tary, with a small one under each rib. Seed-face flat. [Named in honor of I. B. Ziz, a 

 Rhenish botanist.] 



A North American genus of 4 species. Type species, Smyrnium aurea L. 



1. Zizia aptera (A. Gray) Fernald. Heart-leaved Alexanders. Fig. 3529. 



Zizia cordata Koch ex DC. Prod. 4: 100. 1830. Not Smyrnium cordatum Walt. 1788. 

 Thaspium trifoliatum var. apterum A. Gray, Man. ed. 2. 156. 1856. 

 Zizia aptera Fernald, Rhodora 41: 441. 1939. 

 Zizia aptera var. occidentalis Fernald, loc. cit. 



Erect, branched, rather stout, 3-6 dm. high. Basal and lower leaves simple, or occasionally 

 ternate, long-petiolate, ovate to orbicular, deeply cordate, finely crenate, 4-7 cm. long; stem- 



