290 PYROLACEAE 



2. Pyrola asarifolia var. incarnata (DC.) Fernald. Bog Wintergreen. Fig. 3652, 



fyrola rotundifolia var. incarnata DC. Prod. 7: 773. 1839. 



Pyrola uHginosa Torr. & Gray ex Torr. Fl. N.Y. 1: 453. pi. 69. 1843. 



Pyrola elata Nutt. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. II. 8: 270. 1843. 



Pyrola asarifolia var. incarnata Fernald, Rhodora 6: 178. 1904. 



Pyrola asarifolia var. uliginosa Farwell, Rep. Mich. Acad. 19: 259. 1917. 



Perennial, with long creeping branched rootstock ; stem above ground very short. Leaves 

 with petiole 2-10 cm. long, the blades orbicular, rounded at apex, acutish at base or at least 

 decurrent on the petiole, 2>-7 cm. long, obscurely crcnulate, the veins not excurrent, dull on the 

 upper surface ; scape with its 5-20-flowered raceme, 2-5 dm. high ; bracts lanceolate, about equal- 

 ing the pedicels, pinkish; sepals ovate to ovate-lanceolate, widest just above the base, 2.5-3 mm. 

 long, acute ; petals reddish purple to pink, oval, about 6 mm. long ; anthers pinkish, the tubes 

 curved ; style 7-8 mm. long in flower, about 1 mm. longer in fruit ; stigmas at maturity longer 

 than the collar ; capsule depressed-globose, about 8 mm. wide. 



Bogs and wet meadows, Transition and Canadian Zones; in the Pacific States ranging from San Juan 

 Island and the Cascade Mountains, Washington, to the Cascade and Blue Mountains, Oregon, and to the south- 

 ern Sierra Nevada and San Bernardino Mountains, California. In general, ranging from Alaska and the Pacific 

 States to the Atlantic Coast; also in Asia. Type locality: "in Dahuria." July-Sept. 



3. Pyrola chlorantha Sw. Greenish-flov^ered Wintergreen. Fig. 3653. 



Pyrola chlorantha Sw. Svensk. Vet. Akad. Handl. II. 31 : 190. pi. 5. 1810. 



Perennial with a long slender rootstock ; stem above ground very short. Leaves usually 

 several ; petiole 2-5 cm. long, usually longer than the blades, these orbicular to broadly oval or 

 rarely broadly ovate, rounded at base, rounded to obtuse at apex, 1-3 cm. long, entire to shal- 

 lowly crenate, the veins slightly excurrent forming minute mucrones, dark dull green above, 

 pale beneath, coriaceous ; pedicels 3-6 mm. long ; calyx-lobes ovate or ovate-triangular, mostly 

 obtuse, 2 mm. long ; petals greenish white, converging, broadly oblong, obtuse ; 5-6 mm. long, 

 stamens and style declined-ascending ; anther-sacs short-beaked ; capsule depressed-globose ; 

 fruiting style 7-8 mm. long. 



Humus soils in coniferous forests, Transition and Canadian Zones; British Columbia southward in the 

 Pacific States to western and eastern Washington and to the Blue and Wallowa Mountains, northeastern Oregon; 

 rangring across the continent to Labrador, Virginia, Nebraska and Arizona. Type locality: near Stockholm, 

 Sweden. June-Aug. 



4. Pyrola picta Smith. White-veined Wintergreen or Shin-leaf. Fig. 3654. 



Pyrola picta Smith in Rees, Cycl. 29: no. 8. 1814. 

 Pyrola sparsifolia Suksd. Alleg. Bot. Zeit. 12: 26. 1906. 



Perennial from a branched rootstock, stems above ground up to 5 cm. high. Leaves coria- 

 ceous, mottled with white along the principal veins on the upper surface, ovate-lanceolate to 

 broadly ovate, acute or acutish, or some of the smaller ones rounded at the apex, obtuse at base 

 or rarely acute and more or less decurrent, 2.5-7 cm. long, entire or irregularly denticulate, the 

 petioles shorter or about as long ; scape 10-20 cm. high, mostly 10-20-flowered ; pedicels longer 

 than the bracts ; calyx-lobes ovate, acutish, barely 2 mm. long ; petals yellowish white, oblong- 

 obovate, 7-8 mm. long ; style 10 mm. long, strongly declined in flower ; anthers 2 mm. long. 



Dry humus soils in coniferous forests. Humid and Arid Transition Zones; Vancouver Island, British Co- 

 lumbia, south to southern California and east to Montana and New Mexico. Type locality: on the Northwest 

 Coast. Collected by Menzies on the Vancouver voyage. June-Aug. 



5. Pyrola dentata Smith. Nootka Wintergreen. Fig. 3655. 



Pyrola dentata Smith in Rees, Cycl. 29: no. 6. 1814. 



Pyrola picta subsp. dentata Piper, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 11: 434. 1906. 



Stems above ground short, mostly 2-5 cm. high, arising from branching rootstocks. Leaves 

 several, coriaceous, oblanceolate to spatulate, 3-6 cm. long, acutish or rounded at apex, gradu- 

 ally attenuate into the petiole which is usually shorter than the blade, entire or regularly den- 

 ticulate, dull green above, very obscurely if at all whitened along the veins ; scapes 10-25 cm. 

 high ; racemes 5-20-flowered ; pedicels slender, 5-10 mm. long ; bracts 1-3 mm. long ; calyx- 

 lobes triangular, acute, barely 2 mm. long ; petals cream-colored, obovate, 6-8 mm. long ; style 

 7 mm. long. 



Dry slopes or open forests, mainly Humid Transition Zone; Vancouver Island, British Columbia, south 

 through the Coast Ranges to Del Norte County, California. In the Siskiyou Mountains and the Mount Shasta 

 region are many intermediates between the typical species and the variety. Type locality: west coast of North 

 America. June-Aug. 



Pyrola dentata var. Integra A. Gray, Pacif. R. Rep. 12=: 54. 1860. {Pyrola pallida Greene, Pittonia 4: 39. 

 1899.) Leaves more or less glaucous-green, mostly broadly obovate to suborbicular, rounded at apex, entire or 

 rarely denticulate, 1.5-3 crn. long, mostly abruptly narrowed at base to a petiole longer than the blade. Dry 

 mountain sides. Arid Transition and Canadian Zones; eastern slopes of the Cascade Mountains, from Yakima 

 County, Washington, to Crater Lake and the mountains of eastern Oregon, and in California from the Sierra 

 Nevada to the San Bernardino Mountains. Type locality: on high wooded hills east of Mount Adams, Washing- 

 ton. The shape of the leaves rather than the toothed or entire margin correlates better with the geographic dis- 

 tribution. 



