PRIMROSE FAMILY 333 



A genus of 4 species. Besides the following, T. americana Pursh occurs in eastern North America, and T. euro- 

 paea L., the type species, in Europe and Asia. Our Pacific Coast species are most closely related to the Old 

 World plants and are considered as varieties of thtm by some. 



Leaves mostly obovate to oblanceolate, obtuse or rounded at apex, the larger rarely over 3.5 cm. long, rather 

 loosely clustered at apex and scattered down the stem; pedicels longer than the leaves. 1. T. arctica. 



Leaves mostly ovate to ovate-lanceolate, acute or acutish and then short-acuminate at apex, decidedl3f verticillate 

 at apex, those scattered down the stem few, much-reduced, usually to setaceous scales; pedicels shorter 

 than the leaves; flowers pale rose-pink. 2. T. latifolia. 



1. Trientalis arctica Fisch. Arctic Starflower. Fig. 3750. 



Trientalis arctica Fisch. ex Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 121. 1838. 



Trientalis europaea var. arctica Ledeb. FI. Ross. 3: 2S. 1847. 



Alsinanthemum europaeutn var. latifolitim Greene, Man. Bay Reg. 238. 1894. 



Trtentalxs europaea subsp. arctica Hulten, Klg. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. IIL No. 2. 8: 56. 1930. 



Stems solitary, simple, erect, 4-20 cm. high, glabrous below, glandular above as also the 

 pedicels and petioles with minute purplish glands. Leaves at the apex approximate or verticillate, 

 oblanceolate to obovate, 2.5-4 cm. long, tapering to a short petiole, obtuse at apex, entire or 

 often undulate-crenate, those scattered along the stem similar but more or less reduced; pedicels- 

 mostly exceeding the leaves ; calyx-lobes linear, acuminate, 3-4 mm. long ; corolla white, rarely 

 pink, 10-18 mm. broad, the lobes ovate, acuminate or mucronate at apex. 



Bogs and swamps. Boreal and Humid Transition Zones; Aleutian Islands and Behring Straits south along the- 

 Pacific Slope to Curry and Wasco Counties, Oregon; also in eastern Siberia and Kamchatka. Type locality: 

 Unalashka. June-July. 



2. Trientalis latifolia Hook. Pacific Starflower. Fig. 3751. ' 



Trientalis latifolia Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 121. 1838. 



Trientalis europaea var. latifolia Torr. Pacif. R. Rep. 4: 118. 1857. 



Stems slender, erect, 5-20 cm. high, simple or very rarely with an adventitious branchlet, 

 brownish glandular above as also the petioles and pedicels. Leaves mostly 4-7 in the apical 

 verticil, broadly to narrowly ovate, very rarely somewhat obovate, 4-8 cm. long, 2-5.5 cm. wide, 

 acute or acuminate at apex, rather abruptly narrowed at base to a short (1-5 mm.) petiole, those 

 scattered down the stem usually reduced to setaceous scales; pedicels shorter than the leaves, 

 calyx-lobes linear to lanceolate, 4-6 mm. long; corolla pale rose-pink, 8-15 mm. broad, the lobes 

 ovate, usually mucronate and sometimes erose-denticulate. 



Shaded banks and deep woods, mainly Humid Transition Zone; Vancouver Island and western Washington! 

 (extending up the Columbia to Klickitat County), south to San Luis Obispo and Mariposa Counties, California. 

 Type locality: "About Fort Vancouver. Wallawallah River." April-July. 



5. GLAUX [Tourn.] L. Sp. PI. 207. 1753. 



A small succulent perennial herb, with small opposite fleshy entire leaves and minute 

 axillary dimorphous flowers. Calyx petaloid, 5-lobed, the campanulate tube about equaling- 

 the lobes. Corolla none. Stamens 5, inserted at the base of the calyx-tube and alternate 

 with the lobes; filaments subulate; anthers attached dorsally to the filaments, cordate. 

 Ovary free from the calyx, ovoid; ovules few; style filiform; stigma capitate. Capstile 

 globose-ovoid ; beaked by the persistent style, 5-valved at the apex ; seeds few, ellipsoid. 

 [Name Greek, meaning sea-green.] 



A monotypic genus inhabiting moist saline soils, and widely distributed over the northern hemisphere. 



1. Glaux maritima L. Sea Milkwort or Black Saltwort. Fig. 3752. 



Glaux maritima L. Sp. PI. 207. 1753. 



Glaucoides maritima Lunell, Amer. Midi. Nat. 4: 505. 1916. 



Perennial herb with slender rootstocks, and glabrous usually glaucous herbage, the stems- 

 slender, simple or well-branched, erect or tufted, 4-25 cm. high. Leaves fleshy, sessile, oval tO' 

 linear-oblong, 4-10 mm. long, obtuse to acutish at apex ; flowers sessile or nearly so, about 3^ 

 mm. high; calyx-lobes broadly elliptic, about as long as the tube; capsule 2.5 mm. high. 



Moist saline situations, Boreal Zones to Upper Sonoran Zone; Alaska to Newfoundland, south to California,. 

 Utah, Nebraska, and New Jersey. In the Pacific States it occurs in coastal salt marshes from Vancouver Island and 

 western Washington to central California, also in alkaline soils of eastern Washington and eastern Oregon. 

 Type locality: Europe. May-July. 



6. ANAGAlLIS [Tourn.] L. Sp. PI. 148. 1753. 



Annual or perennial, diffusely branching herbs. Leaves usually entire, opposite or 

 verticillate, sessile or short-petioled. Flowers small, solitary on axillary peduncles. Calyx 

 persistent. 5-parted. Corolla deeply 5-parted. rotate. Stamens 5, inserted at the base of 

 the corolla; filaments puberulent, distinct or united into a narrow ring at base; anthers 

 oblong. Ovary globose; style filiform; stigmas subcapitate. Capsule globose, circum- 

 scissile ; seeds numerous, angled. [Name Greek, meaning delightful.] 



About 15 species, inhabiting Europe, western Asia, northern and southern Africa and one species South. 

 America. Type species, Anagallis arvensis L. 



