PRIMROSE FAMILY 341 



Cascades through eastern Washington to northern Oregon and Idaho. Type locality: "dry mountain ridges of 

 eastern Oregon, at an altitude of 4000 feet." March-May. 



Dodecatheon Cusickii var. album Suksd. Werdenda 1: 30. 1927. Flowers white; capsule ovoid, S mm. 

 long, dehiscing at the apex into S valves, glandular-puberulent. The white flowers scarcely merit nomenclatorial 

 recognition for albinism occurs throughout the genus, but the short, broad, glandular-puberulent capsule is dis- 

 tinctive. Unfortunately the original collection is the only material I have seen. Field studies are greatly needed 

 of this plant and of D. conjugens var. viscidum (Piper) H. L. Mason of the same region. It is possible that the 

 two entities are h\brids between D. Cusickii and D. conjugens. Type locality: damp or dry, mostly rocky places 

 near Spangle, Spokane County, Washington. 



6. Dodecatheon pauciflorum (Durand) Greene. Few-flowered Shooting Star. 



Fig. 3768. 



Dodecatheon integrifolium var. vulgarc Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 118. 1838. 

 Dodecatheon Meadia var. pauciflorum Durand, Journ. Acad. Phil. II. 3: 95. 1855. 

 Dodecatheon pauciflorum Greene, Pittonia 2: 72. 1890. 

 Dodecatheon vulgare Piper, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 11: 445. 1906. 



Plants glabrous throughout, with a short erect rootcrown, producing slender but somewhat 

 fleshy roots. Leaves 6-15 cm. long, the blade oblanceolate, entire, obtuse at apex, narrowed at 

 base to a petiole of about equal length or much shorter than the blade; scapes 15-40 cm. high; 

 flowers 1-8, or rarely more in the umbel ; pedicels 1-3 cm. long, slender ; calyx-lobes narrowly 

 lanceolate, 4-5 mm. long; corolla-lobes 8-15 mm. long, narrowly oblong, lilac-purple, the tube 

 yellow with a wavy band of deep purple; filament-tube 1.5-3.5 mm. long, yellow; anthers purple, 

 4-7 mm. long ; capsule ovoid or narrowly so, 6-12 mm. long, dehiscing from the apex into 5 valves. 



Moist meadows, Transition and Canadian Zones; British Columbia to Saskatchewan, south to Oregon, and 

 in the Rocky Mountains to Montana, Utah and Colorado. Type locality: "ad orientem et occidentem fluminis 

 Missouri usque Montes Scopulosos." April-June. 



Dodecatheon pauciflorum var. monanthum Greene, Pittonia 2: 73. 1890. Slender-stemmed plants 1-3 dm. 

 high; leaves oblanceolate to narrowly so, narrowed at base to a slender petiole usually about as long as the blade; 

 umbels l-several-flowered; corolla somewhat smaller than in the typical species; filament-tube dark purple. Blue 

 Mountains to the Steen Mountains, Oregon, and to Modoc County, California. Type locality: "eastern Oregon 

 (Cusick's No. 1528)." 



7. Dodecatheon poeticum Henderson. Poet's Shooting Star. Fig. 3769. 



Dodecatheon poeticum Henderson, Rhodora 32: 27. 1930. 



Whole plant, including leaves, scapes, pedicels, calyces and capsules, glandular-puberulent, 

 rootcrown erect, producing many elongated fibrous roots. Leaves narrowly to broadly oblance- 

 olate, 5-12 cm. long, the petioles about equaling the blades or sometimes much shorter ; scapes 

 2-3 dm. high, flowers 1-10 in the umbel, 5-merous, on pedicels 1-4 cm. long; calyx-lobes lance- 

 olate, 4-6 mm. long ; corolla with a slightly yelllowish band at base, bordered above by a broad 

 yellow band blending into the rose-pink of the lobes ; filament-tube black-purple or sometimes 

 slightly tinged with yellow; anthers 4-5 mm. long, twice as long as filament-tube, the connec- 

 tives dark purple ; capsule ovoid, 4-7 mm. long, circumscissile but sometimes first dehiscing at 

 the apex into 5 valves. 



Open moist places, Arid Transition Zone; Yakima County, Washington, to Hood River and Wallowa Coun- 

 ties, Oregon. Type locality: "near the east line of Hood River County." March-April. 



8. Dodecatheon subalpinum Eastw. Sierra Shooting Star. Fig. 3770. 



Dodecatheon Hendersonii var. yosemitanum H. L. Mason, Madrofio 1 : 187. 1928. 

 Dodecatheon Cusickii var. yoscmitanuyn Jepson, Fl. Calif. 3: 70. 1939. 

 Dodecatheon subalpinum Eastw. Leaflets West. Bot. 2: Z7 . 1937. 



Plant glabrous throughout with a short vertical crown producing fleshy roots and bulblets. 

 Leaves spatulate to oblanceolate, obtuse to rounded at apex, narrowed to a winged membrana- 

 ceous petiole and together with it 2)-7 cm. long, 4-13 man. wide, entire; scape slender, 4-10 crn. 

 high; umbel with 1-4, or rarely with as many as 8 flowers; bracts lanceolate-acuminate, scari- 

 ous ; flowers 5-merous ; calyx-lobes narrowly lanceolate, acuminate ; corolla rose-purple or 

 sometimes white, the lobes narrowly lanceolate, 5-8 mm. long, acuminate ; filaments united into 

 a rather slender tube about 2 mm. long, dark purple and nearly smooth but obscurely angled 

 or ridged along their united edges ; anthers 4 mm. long, narrowly linear-lanceolate, the connec- 

 tive very slender and obscure above the dark purple wedge-shaped base; anther-sacs cream- 

 yellow tinged with purple toward the apex ; capsule 6-10 mm. long, nearly cylindrical, circum- 

 scissile and then splitting into several valves at apex. 



In shady places, Boreal Zones; in the Sierra Nevada from Yosemite National Park to Tulare County, Cali- 

 fornia. Type locality: on Silliman Crest, 10,000 feet. Sequoia National Park, Tulare County, California. May- 

 July. 



9. Dodecatheon Hendersonii A. Gray. Henderson's Shooting Star. Fig. 3771. 



Dodecatheon integrifolium var. latifoHum Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 119. 1838. 

 Dodecatheon Hendersonii A. Gray, Bot. Gaz. 11: 233. 1886. 

 Meadia Hendersonii Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 2: 398. 1891. 

 Dodecatheon latifoHum Piper, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 11: 446. 1906. 

 Dodecatheon atratum Greene, Rep. Spec. Nov. 13: 323. 1915. 



Plant with an erect short rootcrown producing many elongated fleshy-fibrous roots and rice- 

 grain bulblets at flowering time. Leaves glabrous, the blades orbicular-ovate to broadly obovate 



