286 GARRYACEAE 



borne in pendulous aments, the pistillate solitary, the staminate in threes in the 

 axils of the decussate and connate bracts. Sepals 4 in the staminate flower, linear 

 to oblong-lanceolate and valvate, in the pistillate flower obsolete or 2, small and 

 bract-like, situated near the top of the ovary. Stamens 4, alternate with the sepals. 

 Ovary inferior, 1 -celled; ovules 2, pendulous; styles 2, persistent, stigmatic on the 

 inner side. Fruit capsular, the bitter pulp surrounding the 1-2 seeds, drying black- 

 ish, enclosed in and soon free from the brittle epicarp. Seeds with a horny endo- 

 sperm and relatively small embryo. 



One genus of about 14 species, natives of the western United States and Mexico. 



1. GArRYA Dougl. Bot. Reg. 20: pi. 1686. 1834. 



Characters of the family. A very distinct group of plants suggesting the Cornaccae 

 in fruit and seed, but considered by some botanists as a distinct order and placed near 

 the Salicaceae and Fagaceae. [Named in honor of Nicholas Garry of the Hudson Bay 

 Company, friend and benefactor of David Douglas.] 



A genus of 15 species, natives of western United States and Mexico. Type species, Garry a elliptica Dougl. 



Lower surface of the leaves densely tomentose with curled or wavy hairs. 



Toraentum of under surface of leaves of very short curled hairs forming a dense felt. 



Leaves oval or broadly elliptic, rounded or obtuse at apex, the margins strongly undulate. 



1. G. elliptica. 

 Leaves ovate or lanceolate, acuminate, plane or rarely slightly undulate. 2. G. Veatchii. 



Tomentum of under surface of leaves of long wavy hairs, these mostly ascending. 



3. G. Congdonii. 

 Lower surface of the leaves nearly glabrous or if pubescent, the hairs straight and upwardly appressed. 

 Mature leaves glabrous beneath or only sparingly appressed-pubescent. 4. G. Fremontii. 



Mature leaves densely silky-pubescent beneath with short closely appressed hairs. 



Leaves dull and gray-green above; fruit densely silky-pubescnt. S. G. flavescens pallida. 



Leaves glossy and bright or olive-green above; fruit glabrate. 6. G. bu^ifolia. 



1. Garrya elliptica Dougl. Coast Silk-tassel. Fig. 3645. 



Carrya elliptica Dougl. Bot. Reg. 20: pi. 1686. 1834. 



Shrub or srnall tree up to 7 m. high, the young branchlets densely short-villous, becoming 

 brown or blackish. Leaves usually elliptic but ranging from oval to ovate-lanceolate, 6-8 cm. 

 or rarely 12 cm. long, coriaceous, the margins usually strongly undulate, glabrate and more or 

 less shining above, densely clothed beneath with a dense tomentum of short, curly and intertwined 

 hairs; staminate aments unbranched, fascicled at the ends of the branchlets, usually 8-15 cm. 

 long, their bracts densely silky-villous ; sepals densely pilose on the back, often connate at the 

 tips; fruiting aments compact; fruit often concealing the bracts, globose, 6-11 mm. in diameter, 

 densely tomentose or the tomentum in age more or less deciduous. 



Thickets or chaparral slopes, mainly Humid Transition Zone; coastal region and Outer Coast Ranges from 

 central Oregon to northern San Luis Obispo County, California. Type locality; "Northern California." Actually, 

 on the Umpqua River near Scottsburg, Oregon, according to Douglas' journal. Jan.-March. 



2. Garrya Veatchii Kell. Southern Silk-tassel. Fig. 3646. 



Garrya yeatchii Kell. Proc. Calif. Acad. 5: 40. 1873. 

 Garrya flavescens var. Palmeri S. Wats. Bot. Calif. 1: 276. 1876. 

 Garrya Veatchii var. Palmeri Eastw. Bot. Gaz. 36: 458. 1903. 

 Garrya Veatchii var. undulata Eastw. loc. cit. 



Shrub 1-2.5 m. high, young branchlets densely hoary-tomentose, at length glabrate and 



reddish brown. Leaves lanceolate to ovate or ovate-elliptic, 2.5-6.5 cm. long, coriaceous and 



plane, rarely somewhat undulate, the upper surface pale green without a sheen, sparsely to- 



mentulose, the lower surface hoary with dense felt-like tomentum ; staminate aments solitary or 



fascicled, unbranched, 3-7 cm. long; bracts floccose, the lower sometimes with foliaceous tips; 



young ovary densely woolly; fruiting ament compact, 2.5-5 cm. long; fruit becoming less woolly 



but not glabrate, 7-8 mm. in diameter, buff to purple-brown. 



Chaparral slopes, Upper Sonoran Zone; Santa Barbara County, California, to central Lower California. 

 Type locality: Cedros Island, Lower California. Feb.-April. 



3. Garrya Congdonii Eastw. Congdon's Silk-tassel. Fig. 3647. 



Garrya Congdonii Eastw. Bot. Gaz. 36: 459. 1903. 



Garrya flavescens var. venosa Jepson, Man. Fl. PI. Calif. 732. 1925. 



Shrub 1.5-3 m.high, young branchlets silky-pubescent with ascending wavy hairs, glabrate 

 and reddish brown in age. Leaves commonly ovate-lanceolate, varying to lanceolate or elliptic, 

 3.5-7 cm. long, glossy yellowish green above, and thinly puberulent above with appressed 

 crinkled hairs, beneath densely clothed with mostly upwardly appressed rather long gently 

 wavy hairs which slightly intertwine; staminate aments 3-7 in a cluster, unbranched, 3-8 cm. 

 long ; bracts shortly acuminate with an abrupt recurved tip ; pistillate aments 2-3 cm. long ; ovary 



