PRIMROSE FAMILY 331 



species by the stout, densely leafy and finely tomentose branches. Leaves broadly elliptic. 6-15 mm long, usually 

 only slightly revolute; flowers in clusters, from scaly buds which appear ajjiUary through the production of a leafy 

 shoot from the same bud; corolla-lobes 6-8 mm. long. Sphagnum bogs, Canadian Zone; British Columbia south- 

 ward in the coastal region to Lincoln County, Oregon, and in the Cascade Mountains to Marion County, Oregon. 

 Type locality: "Washington Territory and N. Oregon." 



Family 116. PRIMULACEAE. 



Primrose Family. 



Perennial or annual herbs, with alternate, opposite or basal, simple, exstipulate 

 leaves. Flowers regular, typically 5-merous, varying from 3-9-merous, solitary in 

 the axils or in terminal or axillary racemes, spikes, umbels or corymbs. Calyx 

 herbaceous or rarely petaloid, 4-9-parted or -lobed, persistent or rarely deciduous. 

 Corolla deeply parted or merely lobed, the lobes spreading or reflexed, or rarely 

 connivent, contorted, imbricate or quincuncial in bud. Stamens 5, situated on the 

 corolla-tube opposite the lobes. Ovary superior or half-inferior in Samolus^ 1 -celled ; 

 ovules on a basal or a free central axis. Style 1, simple; stigma capitate. Fruit a 

 capsule, commonly 2-6-valved. Seeds few to many ; endosperm present. 



A family of 25 genera and about 600 species, of wide geographic distribution but most abundant in the 

 northern hemisphere. 



Ovary superior, entirely free from the calyx. 

 Stems elongated, leaf-bearing. 



Capsule splitting into valves. 



Corolla present; flowers not solitary and sessile in the axils. 

 Leaves scattered, opposite or whorled; flowers yellow. 

 Flowers S-merous. 



Staminodia none. 1- Lysimachia. 



Staminodia 5, alternating with the 5 stamens. 2. Steironetna. 



Flowers S-7-merous, in axillary spike-like racemes. 3. Naumbergia. 



Leaves in a whorl-like cluster at the summit of the stem; flowers S-7-merous, white or pink. 



4. Trtentalts. 



Corolla none; calyx corolla-like; flowers solitary and sessile in the axils of fleshy leaves. 



5. GUiux. 



Capsule circumscissile; corolla pink or scarlet, rarely blue. 



Leaves opposite; corolla scarlet, rarely blue. 6. Anagalhs. 



Leaves alternate; corolla minute, shorter than the calyx-lobes, pink. 7. Centunculus. 



Stems very short; leaves forming a basal rosette; flowers borne on scapes in bracteate umbels. 

 Corolla-lobes spreading or erect. 



Flowers showy; corolla-throat open, the lobes emarginate. 8. Primula. 



Flowers small; corolla-throat constricted. 



Corolla-lobes entire or erose, the tube crested or fornicate within. 9. Douglasia. 



Corolla-lobes emarginate or obcordate, the throat not crested. 10. Androsace. 



Corolla-lobes strongly reflexed. H- Dodecatheon. 



Ovary half-inferior, the lower portion adherent to the calyx; leaves scattered along the stem; flowers small, race- 

 mose. 12. Samolus. 



1. LYSIMACHIA [Tourn.] L. Sp. PI. 146. 1753. 



Annual or mostly perennial herbs, with opposite, entire, often glandular-punctate 

 leaves. Flowers solitary in the axils, or in racemes, corymbs or panicles. Calyx free 

 from the ovary, persistent, parted or divided into 5-7-lobes. Corolla rotate or campanu- 

 late, 5-7-parted, the lobes convolute. Stamens 5-7, inserted on the corolla-throat; fila- 

 ments distinct or connate at base; anthers oblong or oval; staminodia none. Ovary 

 globose or ovoid, with few to several ovules; style filiform. Fruit a 2-5-valved, ovoid 

 or globose capsule; seeds several. [Name Greek, meaning loosestrife.] 



A genus of about 70 species mostly of the northern hemisphere, with a few in Australia and Africa. Type 

 species, Lysimachia vulgaris L. 



1. Lysimachia Nummularia L. Moneywort or Creeping Loosestrife. Fig. 3747. 



Lysimachia Nummularia L. Sp. PI. 148. 1753. 



Glabrous perennial with creeping stems 2-6 dm. long, often rooting at the nodes. Leaves 

 opposite, broadly ovate to orbicular, 15-25 mm. long, obtuse at both ends or subcordate at base, 

 sparingly black-punctate; petioles 2-4 mm. long; flowers 1 or 2 in the axils, usually nodding; 

 pedicels slender, 15-25 mm. long; sepals ovate-lanceolate, 6-7 mm. long, cordate at base; corolla 

 yellow, deeply 5-parted, the lobes 7-10 mm. long, oblong-oval, black-dotted ; filaments glandular, 

 connate at base ; capsule shorter than the sepals. 



Growing in wet places, sparingly naturalized from Europe in the Pacific States; Willamette Valley, Oregon, 

 and Uuincy, Plumas County, California. Also naturalized in eastern United States and eastern Canada. June- 

 Aug. 



Lysimachia terrestris (L.) B.S.P. Prel. Cat. N.Y. 34. 1888. {Viscum terrestre L. Sp. PI. 1023. 1753.) 



