218 UMBELLIFERAE 



or rarely slightly proliferous ; pedicels 2-25 mm. long ; fruit 1-2 mm. long, 2-3 mm. broad, deeply 

 notched at apex ; pericarp thin between the thick and corky ribs. 



Borders of marshes and streams, Sonoran Zones; Oregon to southern California to the Atlantic States, south 

 to Mexico and South America; also southern Africa. Type locality: "in America," probably Virginia. March- 

 July. 



2. Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunb. Whorled Marsh-pennywort. Fig. 3466. 



Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunb. Diss. Hydroc. 2. 1798. 



Hydrocotyle cuneata Coult. & Rose, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 7: 28. 1900. 



Stems creeping in mud, from tuberiferous rootstocks. Leaves orbicular-peltate, crenate, the 

 petioles slender, ascending; peduncles about equaling the leaves; inflorescence an interrupted, 

 simple, once or twice bifurcate, rarely trifurcate or quadrifurcate, spike ; fruit sessile or subses- 

 sile, shallowly notched at apex, narrowly rounded to abruptly cuneate at base. 



Streams and low ground, Sonoran Zones; central and southern California to the Atlantic States, south to 

 Mexico; also Bermuda, Jamaica and West Indies. Type locality: probably "America." April-Sept. 



Hydrocotyle verticillata var. triradiata (A. Rich) Fernald, Rhodora 41: 437. 1939. (Hydrocotyle pro- 

 lifera Kell. Proc. Calif. Acad. 1: 15. 1854.) Peduncles slender, usually equaling or exceeding the petioles; 

 inflorescence an interrupted simple, rarely branched, spike; fruit pedicellate, pedicels 1-10 mm. long. Borders of 

 marshes and streams, Sonoran Zones; San Francisco Bay to the Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys, Cali- 

 fornia, east to the Atlantic States, and south to South America and West Indies. Type locality: "Mexico." 



3. Hydrocotyle ranunculoides L. f. Floating Marsh-pennywort. Fig. 3467. 



Hydrocotyle ranunculoides L. f. Suppl. 177. 1781. 



Stems floating or creeping in mud. Leaves 5-80 mm. broad, roundish reniform, not peltate, 

 cordate at base, S-6-lobed and crenate, the petioles elongate, weak ; peduncles much shorter than 

 the petioles, recurved in fruit; umbels simple, capitate, 5-10-flowered ; pedicels 1-3 mm. long; 

 fruit suborbicular, 2-3 mm. broad ; pericarp thick, the ribs filiform, obscure. 



Ponds, marshes and slow streams, mainly Sonoran Zones; Washington to Lower California, east to Pennsyl- 

 vania, and south to South America; also southern Europe. Type locality: Mexico. March-Aug. 



2. LILAEOPSIS Greene, Pittonia 2:192. (Sept.) 1891. 



Small, tufted, glabrous perennials from long creeping rhizomes. Leaves reduced to 

 fistulose, septate phyllodes borne at the nodes. Inflorescence of simple, axillary, few- 

 flowered umbels on slender peduncles. Involucre of a few small bracts. Pedicels slender, 

 ascending to reflexed and pendulous. Flowers white; sepals small; stylopodium obsolete; 

 styles short. Fruit globose or ovoid, slightly flattened laterally if at all ; dorsal ribs fili- 

 form, the lateral very thick and corky next to the commissure. [Name Greek, meaning 

 Lilaea-like.j 



A genus of world-wide distribution, comprising 4 or 5 closely related species. Type species, Hydrocotyle 

 chinensis L. 



1. Lilaeopsis occidentalis Coult. & Rose. Western Lilaeopsis. Fig. 3468. 



Lilaeopsis occidentalis Coult. & Rose, Bot. Gaz. 24: 48. fig. 2. 1897. 

 Lilaeopsis lineata var. occidentalis Jepson, Madrono 1: 139. 1923. 



Phyllodes linear, terete, 2.5-15 cm. long, 1-4 mm. broad. Peduncles 0.5-^.5 cm. long, weak, 

 shorter tlian the leaves ; umbels 5-12-flowered ; pedicels slender, 2-8 mm. long; fruit ovoid, 2 mm. 

 long, 1.25-2 mm. broad; dorsal ribs obscure, the lateral broad. 



Marshes, Transition Zone; Vancouver Island to coastal central California. Type locality: salt marshes of 

 Tillamook Bay, Oregon. June-Aug. 



3. BOWLESIA Ruiz & Pav. Fl. Peruv. Prod. 44. pi. 34. 1794. 



Slender branching annuals, with stellate pubescence. Stipules scarious, lacerate. 

 Leaves opposite, simple, lobed. Umbels on axillary peduncles, simple, few-flowered. 

 Sepals rather prominent. Corolla white. Fruit stellate-pubescent, broadly ovoid, with 

 a narrow commissure, and without ribs or oil-tubes, the dorsal portion of each carpel 

 inflated. Seed flattened dorsally, the face and back plane or convex. [Named for William 

 Bowles, 1705-1780, Irish naturalist and traveler.] 



A genus of about 20 species, chiefly South American. Type species, Bowlesia palmata Ruiz & Pav. 



1. Bowlesia incana Ruiz & Pav. Bowlesia. Fig. 3469. 



Bowlesia incana Ruiz & Pav. Fl. Peruv. 3: 28. pi. 268. 1802. 

 Bowlesia lobata of North American authors, not B. lobata Ruiz & Pav. 

 Bowlesia septentrionalis Coult. & Rose, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 7: 31. 1900. 



Stems slender, weak, 1.5-5 dm. long or high, dichotomously branching. Leaves on slender 

 petioles, cordate to reniform, 0.4-3 cm. broad, thin, 5-7-lobed, the lobes entire or toothed; umbels 

 on short peduncles, 2-6-fiowered ; fruit 1-1.5 mm. long, sessile or subsessile. 



Partially shaded slopes. Upper Sonoran Zone; central California to northern Lower California, east to 

 Louisiana; also in South America. Type locality: Peru. March-May. 



