CARROT FAMILY 221 



separately along the stem, 1-4.5 dm. high. Leaves ternate, the divisions usually oblong-ovate 

 3-5-lobed, the lobes irregularly lobed or toothed ; umbels 4-9 rayed ; bracts foliaceous, pinnatifid ; 

 bractlets more or less united, small, acute ; flowers yellow, the sterile short-pedicellate ; fruit 3-5 

 mm. long, short-pedicellate, bristly throughout; seed face slightly concave. 



Open coniferous forests. Arid Transition Zone; Clallam County, Washington to Siskiyou Mountains, Sierra 

 Nevada and San Bernardino Mountains, California, and also Chile. Type locality: Chile. April-July. 



4. Sanicula crassicaulis Poepp. Pacific Sanicle. Fig. 3473. 



Sanicula crassicaulis Poepp. ex DC. Prod. 4: 84. 1830. 

 Sanicula Menziesii Hook. & Am. Bot. Beechey 142. 1832. 

 Sanicula nudicaulis Hook. & Arn. op. cit. 347. 1838. 

 Sanicula tripartita ^inksA. Allg. Bot. Zeit. 12 : 5. 1906. 

 Sanicula Menziesii var. foliacca Jepson, Madrono 1: 111. 1923. 

 Sanicula Menziesii var. pedata Jepson, loc. cit. 

 Sanicula diversiloba Suksd. Werdenda 1 : 29. 1927. 



Stems simple below, branching above, erect, 2.4-12.5 dm. high, from a stout taproot. Leaves 

 round-cordate to subtriangular, 4-14 cm. broad, deeply palmately 3-5-lobed, the primary divisions 

 incised-lobed, the teeth spinulose ; upper leaves with narrower lobes ; umbels with 3 or 4 slender 

 rays ; bracts 2-3, small, foliaceous ; bractlets 6-8, small, entire ; flowers yellow, the sterile short- 

 pedicellate ; fruit distinctly stipitate but not pedicellate ; subglobose, 2-5 mm. long, covered with 

 stout bristles ; seed face deeply sulcate. 



Woods and shady slopes. Upper Sonoran and Transition Zones; Vancouver Island to southern California, 

 also in South America. Type locality: Chile. March-June. 



Sanicula crassicaulis var. HowrilUi (Coult. & Rose) Mathias, Brittonia 2: 242. 1936. {Sanicula Howellii 

 Coult. & Rose, Bot. Gaz. 13: 81. 1888.) Usually lower; bractlets more prominent, about equalinfj the heads; 

 fruit subsessile. Seashore sands, Canadian Zone; coastal Oregon. Type locality: "sandy shores, Tilamook Bay 

 and Ocean Beach, Oregon." 



5. Sanicula maritima Kell. Adobe or Salt-marsh Sanicle. Fig. 3474. 



Sanicula maritima Kell. ex S. Wats. Bot. Calif. 2: 451. 1880. 



Stems stout, 1 .5-3.5 dm. high from a thickened taproot. Basal leaves long-petiolate, cordate, 



2-5 cm. long, entire, repand or slightly serrate ; peduncles few, elongate ; umbels l--4-rayed ; 



bracts foliaceous, lobed or parted ; bractlets many, small, lanceolate ; flowers yellow, in dense 



heads, the sterile short-pedicellate ; fruit about 5 mm. long, somewhat naked below ; seed-face 



concave, with a prominent central longitudinal ridge. 



Heavy adobe soil, or edges of salt marshes, Upper Sonoran Zone; about San Francisco Bay, California. 

 Type locality: "near the coast, about San Francisco or northward, California." April-June. 



6. Sanicula laciniata Hook. & Arn. Coast Sanicle. Fig. 3475. 



Sanicula laciniata Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechey 347. 1838. 

 Sanicula serpentina Elmer, Bot. Gaz. 41 : 312. 1906. 



Stems usually slender, branching from the base, 0.9-5 dm. high. Leaves ovate, 3-lobed or 

 3-parted, the divisions toothed to pinnately parted, with bristle-tipped teeth ; umbels 3-6-rayed ; 

 bracts foliaceous, the bractlets small, apiculate ; flowers yellow ; fruit orbicular, 2 mm. long, 

 sessile. 



Hillsides, Upper Sonoran and Transition Zones; Coast Ranges from southwestern Oregon to San Luis Obispo 

 County, California. Type locality: California, definite locality not given. March-June. 



7. Sanicula bipinnatifida Dougl. Purple Sanicle. Fig. 3476. 



Sanicula bipinnatifida Dougl. ex Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 258. pi. 92. 1832. 



Sanicula nemoralis Greene, Erythea 1 : 6. 1893. 



Sanicula bipinnatifida var. flava Jepson, Madroiio 1: 112. 1923. 



Sanicula bipinnatifida var. Hoffmanii Munz, Bull. S. Calif. Acad. 31: 110. 1932. 



Stems rather stout, 1.5-8 dm. high, from a thickened rootstock. Basal leaves several, poly- 

 morphic, serrulate to pinnately 3-7-parted, the divisions cleft or lobed, decurrent on the rachis, 

 forming a toothed wing ; umbel 3-5-rayed ; bracts foliaceous ; flowers purple or yellow, in dense 

 heads, the sterile pedicellate ; fruit 3-6 mm. long, bristly throughout ; seed-face sulcate. 



Open hillsides, Upper Sonoran and Transition Zones; Vancouver Island to Lower California. Type locality: 

 "Fort Vancouver on the Columbia," Washington. Feb.-May. 



8. Sanicula Peckiana J. F. Macbride. Peck's Sanicle. Fig. 3477. 



Sanicula Peckiana J. F. Macbride, Contr. Gray Herb. No. 59: 28. 1919. 



Stems rather slender, usually solitary from a taproot, sparsely branched, 2.5^ dm. high. 

 Basal leaves 5-10 cm. long, pinnate or the main divisions decurrent on the narrowly winged 

 and toothed rachis, the divisions irregularly toothed with obscurely or not at all acicular teeth ; 

 staminate flowers rather numerous, on slender pedicels surrounding and partly concealing the 

 few fruits, these sessile, 3-4 mm. long, naked below, the tubercles above the middle terminated 

 by weak prickles. 



Open woods, Transition Zones; Siskiyou Mountains of southern Oregon and northern California. Type 

 locality: fourteen miles west of Waldo, Oregon. 



