230 UMBELLIFERAE 



or terminal; 7-16-rayed; bracts and bractlets wanting; pedicels 1-6 mm. long; flowers minute, 

 white; fruit suborbicular to ellipsoid, about 1.5 mm. long, the ribs slightly winged. 



Salt marshes and wet places, California. Escaped from cultivation. Native of Europe. May-July. 



15. PETROSELINUM Hoffm. Gen. Umbell. 78. 1814. 



Slender, caulescent, glabrous biennials from taproots. Leaves ternate-pinnately or pin- 

 nately decompound ; ultimate divisions ovate to linear, toothed or lobed. Involucre incon- 

 spicuous or wanting. Rays few to numerous. Bractlets several, linear. Flowers yellow or 

 greenish yellow. Sepals obsolete. Stylopodium low^-conical ; styles short. Fruit ovoid to 

 oblong, flattened laterally, glabrous; ribs prominent, filiform. [Name Greek from words 

 meaning rock and parsley.] 



A Eurasian genus of 3 species. Type species, Apium Petroselinum L. 



1. Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Mansfeld. Parsley. Fig. 3498. 



Apium Petroselinum L. Sp. PI. 264. 1753. 



Apium crispum Mill. Card. Diet. ed. 8. no. 2. 1768. 



Petroselinum hortense Hoffm. Gen. Umbell. 163. 1814. (Nomen nudum) 



Petroselinum sativum Hoffm. op. cit. 177. (Nomen nudum) 



Petroselinum crispum Mansfeld, Rep. Spec. Nov. 46: 307. 1939. 



Plants 3-13 dm. high. Leaves deltoid; ultimate divisions ovate-lanceolate to linear, 2-5 cm. 

 long, toothed or lobed; bracts inconspicuous or none; rays 10-20, 1-5 cm. long; bractlets 5-6, 

 linear, acute, shorter than the flowers ; fruit ovoid-oblong, 2-4 mm. long. 



In waste places; introduced in the Pacific States and throughout the world from Europe. 



16. AMMI L. Sp. PI. 243. 1753. 



Slender, erect, caulescent annuals or biennials, essentially glabrous. Leaves ternate- 

 pinnately or pinnately dissected, the ultimate divisions lanceolate to filiform. Bracts 

 numerous, entire or divided. Bractlets entire, shorter or longer than the pedicels. Flowers 

 white. Sepals obscure. Stylopodium depressed-conical. Fruit ovoid-oblong to oblong, 

 flattened laterally, glabrous, the ribs acute. [The ancient Latin name.] 



A genus of 6 species, natives of southern Europe and northern Africa. Type species, Ammi majus L. 



Inflorescence borne on a discoid receptacle; umbels compact in fruit. 1. A. Visnaga. 



Inflorescence not borne on a discoid receptacle; umbels spreading in fruit. 2. A. majus. 



1. Ammi Visnaga (L.) Lam. Toothpick Ammi or Bishop's-weed. Fig. 3499. 



Daucus Visnaga L. Sp. PI. 242. 1753. 



Ammi Visnaga Lam. Fl. Franc. 3: 462. 1778. 



Erect, glabrous, 2-8 dm. high. Leaves deltoid, 5-20 cm. long, pinnately decompound, the 

 ultimate divisions linear to filiform, 5-35 mm. long; cauHne leaves ternately or pinnately dis- 

 sected ; bracts equaling to exceeding the rays ; bractlets numerous, entire, equaling or exceeding 

 the pedicels ; rays 60-100, subfiliform, unequal, 2-5 cm. long, spreading in flower but becoming 

 rigidly contracted in fruit, borne on a discoid receptacle ; pedicels similar to the rays, also borne 

 on a disk ; fruit oblong-ovoid to ovoid, 2-2 . 5 mm. long. 



Waste places, introduced from Eurasia into Oregon and California, also in the southeastern United States. 

 June-July. 



2. Ammi majus L. Larger Bishop's-weed. Fig. 3500. 



Ammi majus L. Sp. PI. 243. 1753. 



Apium Ammi Crantz, Stirp. Austr. ed. 1. 3: 109. 1767. 



Erect, 2-8 dm. high, the inflorescence scabrous. Leaves oblong, 6-20 cm. long, ternate or 

 pinnate, the leaf -divisions lanceolate, setulose-serrate ; cauline leaves bipinnate, the divisions 

 linear; bracts exceeding the rays; bractlets numerous, entire, shorter than the pedicels; rays 

 50-60, subfiliform, 2-7 cm. long, spreading to ascending in flower, spreading in fruit; pedicels 

 similar to the rays ; fruit oblong, 1 . 5-2 mm. long. 



Introduced from Eurasia into Oregon and California, also in the southeastern United States. July. 



17. c6nIUM L. Sp. PI. 243. 1753. 



Tall biennial glabrous poisonous herbs with spotted stems and pinnately decompound 

 leaves. Flowers small, white, in compound many-rayed umbels. Involucre and involucels 

 of ovate acuminate bracts and bractlets. Sepals obsolete. Fruit broadly ovoid, glabrous, 

 somewhat flattened laterally. Carpels with prominent, undulate ribs ; oil-tubes obscure, a 

 layer of oil-secreting tissue' next to the deeply sulcate seed. [From the Greek name of the 

 poison hemlock.] 



A genus of 2 species, the following, which is the type, native of Eurasia, the other South African. 



