352 GENTIANACEAE 



1. Centaurium umbellatum Gilib. Common or European Centaury. Fig. 3788. 



Gentiana Centaurium L. Sp. PI. 229. 1753. 



Centaurium umbellatum Gilib. Fl. Lithuan. 35. 1781. 



Centaurium Erythraea Rafn, Dan. Hoist. Fl. 2: 75. 1796-1800. 



Erythraea Centaurium Pers. Syn. PI. 1:283. 1805. 



Centaurion Centaurium W. F. Wight, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 11: 449. 1906. 



Erect annual, 20^5 cm. high, strictly branched, the branches terminated by rather dense 

 umbel-like cymes. Basal leaves forming a rosette, 2-A cm. long, broadly oblong-ovate to oblong- 

 lanceolate, obtuse, the cauline lanceolate, acute, 2-3 cm. long, the upper smaller and linear- 

 lanceolate; calyx-lobes linear-subulate, 6 mm. long; corolla rose-colored, the tube 7-10 mm. 

 long, the lobes ovate, obtuse, 5-7 mm. long; anthers 2.5 mm. long, spirally twisted after 

 dehiscing; stigma-lobes flabelliform. 



Open meadows and fields, Humid Transition Zone; Puget Sound, Washington, to western Oregon and the 

 northwest coast of California to Mendocino County. Introduced from Europe. June-Aug. 



2. Centaurium floribundum (Benth.) Robinson. June Centaury. Fig. 3789. 



Erythraea fioribunda Benth. PI. Hartw. 322. 1849. 

 Centaurodcs floribundum Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 2: 426. 1891. 

 Centaurium floribundum Robinson, Proc. Amer. Acad. 45: 396. 1910. 



Stems usually several from the base, 15-50 cm. high. Basal leaves not tufted, obovate, 

 1.5-2 cm. long, rounded at apex, the cauline oblong-ovate to oblong-linear; flowers numerous, 

 in more or less crowded cymes, those in the forks sessile or subsessile, the others pedicelled; 

 corolla pink, the tube 6-7 mm. long, the lobes oblong to oval, obtuse, 4-5 mm. long; anthers 

 oblong, 1.5-1.7 mm. long; stigma-lobes appressed; capsule narrowly cylindric, 6-7 mm. long. 



Moist places, Upper Sonoran Zone; eastern Humboldt and Mendocino Counties, and in the Inner Coast 

 Ranges and Sierra Nevada foothills as far south as Stanislaus and Fresno Counties. Type locality: Sacramento 

 Valley. Collected by Hartweg. June-Sept. 



3. Centaurium Muhlenbergii (Griseb.) W. F. Wight. Monterey Centaury. 



Fig. 3790. 



Erythraea Muhlenbergii Griseb. Gen. & Sp. Gent. 146. 1839. 



Centaurodes Muhlenbergii Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 2: 426. 1891. 



Centaurion Muhlenbergii W. F. Wight, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. U : 450. 1906. 



Annual, 8-30 cm. high, simple or more or less branched. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, acutish, 

 1.5-2.5 cm. long; inflorescence loosely and cymosely paniculate; flowers sessile or subsessile 

 in the forks, the ultimate ones in compact 2-4-flowered cymules, the subtending bracts \yithout 

 rudimentary florets in the axils ; calyx-lobes 10 mm. long, narrowly linear, narrowly scarious on 

 the margins ; corolla-tube 10-12 mm. long, the lobes about 3.5 mm. long and 1 mm. wide; anthers 

 scarcely 1.5 mm. long, one of the cells longer than the other, not spirally coiled after anthesis ; 

 stigma-lobes narrower than long, throat of the marcescent corolla strongly contracted at the 

 summit of the capsule. 



Moist ground. Upper Sonoran and Transition Zones: Willamette Valley, Oregon to central California in 

 the Coast Ranges and the Sierra Nevada. Type locality: California. Collected by Douglas. June-Aug. 



4. Centaurium curvistamineum (Wittr.) Abrams. Washington Centaury. 



Fig. 3791. 



Erythraea curvistamineum Wittr. Eryth. Exsic. 2: no. 21. 1885; reprinted in Bot. Centralb. 26: 317. 1886. 



Erythraea minima Howell, Fl. N.W. Amer. 443. 1901. 



Centaurium minimum Piper in Piper & Beattie, Fl. N.W. Coast 288. 1915. 



Centaurium Muhlenbergii var. albiflorum Suksd. Werdenda 1 : 30. 1927. 



Annual, with simple or considerably branched stems, 3-20 cm. high. Leaves 7-20 mm. long, 

 oblong-elliptic, obtuse, or the upper obtusish ; inflorescence loosely flowered, the flowers borne 

 mostly singly in the forks and at the ends of the stems and branches on pedicels 1-12 mm. long, 

 the shortest pedicels rarely less than 3 mm. ; calyx-lobes 6-8 mm. long, subulate ; corolla pink or 

 rarely white, the tube 8 mm. long, the lobes narrowly oblong-lanceolate, 3.5 to scarcely 4 mm. 

 long; anthers 1 mm. long, the cells of even length at base, slightly sagittate; stigma-lobes 

 fan-shaped, broader than long. 



Low moist ground. Arid Transition Zone; Kittitas and Whitman Counties, eastern Washington south, 

 east of the Cascade-Sierra Nevada divide to Esmeralda County, Nevada. Type locality: Washington. June- 

 Sept. 



5. Centaurium Davyi (Jepson) Abrams. Davy's Centaury. Fig. 3792. 



Centaurium exaltatum var. Davyi Jepson, Man. Fl. PI. Calif. 762. 1925. 



Annual with simple or branched stems, 5-20 cm. high. Leaves elliptic to linear-oblong, 

 1-2 cm. long, 3-8 mm. wide, obtuse or the uppermost acutish ; flowers in the forks and at the 

 ends of the branches, pedicellate, those in the principal forks with pedicels 15-20 mm. long, the 

 others with more or less shorter ones ; calyx-lobes 8-10 mm. long, subulate, with scarious 

 margins, keeled on the back; corolla pink with a yellow throat, the tube slightly exceeding the 



