370 APOCYNACEAE 



5. Apocynum pumilum (A. Gray) Greene. Mountain Dogbane. Fig. 3830. 



Apocynum androsaemifolium var. pumilum A. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. Amer. cd. 2 2^: 83. 1886. 



Apocynum pumihtm Greene, Man. Bay Reg. 240. 1894. 



Apocynum calophyllum Greene. Leaflets Bot. Obs. 1: 57. 1904. 



Apocynum cardiophylhim Greene, op. cit. 79. 



Apocynum bicolor McGregor, Bull. Torrey Club 37: 261. 1910. 



Apocynum ovalifolium, A. paniculatum, A. stenolobum, A. eximium, A. xylosteaceum, A. rotundifolium, A. 



Austiniae, A. cercidium, A. luridum Greene, Leaflets Bot. Obs. 2: 182-189. 1912. 



Stems often branching from near the ground, seldom over 1 dm. above, the branches some- 

 what dichotomous, spreading or ascending, whole plant not over 4 dm. high, glabrous throughout. 

 Leaves spreading or drooping, opposite, distinctly petioled, broadly ovate to oblong-lanceolate, 

 obtuse to subcordate at base, obtuse to acutish and usually mucronate at apex, 1.5-5 cm. long; 

 cymes terminal and also often from the axils of the uppermost two or three pairs of leaves ; 

 calyx-lobes triangular-lanceolate, to oblong-ovate, 1-1.5 mm. long, more or less colored; corolla 

 4-6 mm. long ; tinged with pink, the tube cylindric, the lobes recurved at least in age ; follicles 

 erect, divergent, 5-15 cm. long, straight; coma of seed tawny or white; seed narrowly ovoid, 

 1 . 5-2 mm. long. 



Open coniferous forests and dry flats, Upper Sonoran and Arid Transition Zones; mainly east of the 

 Cascade Mountains in Washington and Oregon, ranging from Kittitas and Whitman Counties, Washington, 

 to Klamath County, Oregon; in southern Oregon extending westward in the Siskiyou region to Josephine 

 County, Oregon, and southward in the North Coast Ranges to Mendocino County, and in the Sierra Nevada 

 to the San Bernardino Mountains, California; east to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Nevada, and Utah. Type 

 locality: "California, to Brit. Columbia." No definite locality or specimen cited. June-Aug. 



Apocynum pumilum var. rhomboideum (Greene) Beg. & Bel. Atti R. Accad. Lincei V. 9: 98. 1913. 

 {A. rhomboideum Greene, Pittonia 5: 66. 1902; A. androsaemifolium detonsum Piper, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 

 11: 453. 1906; A. cinereiim Heller, Muhlenbergia 8: 21. 1912; A. polycardium, A. pulchellum, A. arcuatum, 

 A. diversifolium Greene, Leaflets Bot. Obs. 2: 184—189. 1912.) Plant variously tomentose or pubescent, 

 otherwise very similar to the typical species. Olympic Mountains and Pugct Sound, Washington, to southern 

 California, east to northern Idaho and western Nevada. Type locality: Napa Valley, California, "east of the 

 village of St. Helena." 



4. CYCLADfeNIA Benth. PI. Hartw. 322. 1849. 



Low herbs with a stout fleshy deep-seated perennial root and 1 to several short erect 

 stems. Leaves opposite, the lower reduced to bracts, the upper 3-4 pairs with broad 

 entire blades, petioled. Peduncles axillary, bearing 2-5 pedicellate flowers. Calyx 5- 

 parted, the segments subulate. Corolla rose-purple, funnelform, 5-lobed, the lobes ovate- 

 oblong, contorted in bud, the tube bearing 5 minute appendages alternate with the 

 lobes. Stamens 5, alternate with the lobes, attached to the tube near the base ; anthers 

 sagittate, connivent. Disk annular, entire. Ovary with 2 distinct carpels ; style short 

 with a conspicuous membranous collar, slender ; stigma broad, 5-angled ; ovules many. 

 Fruit of 2 slightly fleshy follicles. Seeds narrowly urn-shaped, compressed ; coma copious, 

 slightly tawny. [Name Greek, meaning circle and gland, in reference to the disk.] 



A monotypic genus of California except for one variety which is also found in Utah. 



L Cycladenia humilis Benth. Cycladenia. Fig. 3831. 



Cycladenia humilis Benth. PI. Hartw. 323. 1849. 



Stems 1 to several from a deep-seated fleshy root, somewhat succulent, 1-2 dm. high, simple 

 or with one or two short branches, herbage glabrous throughout. Leaves of the subterranean 

 part of the stem reduced to broad bracts, the upper of 2-3 pairs with broadly ovate or sub- 

 orbicular blades, 2.5-6 cm. long, rounded to obtuse at apex, abruptly narrowed or subcordate at 

 base ; petioles broad, about equaling or shorter than the blades ; flowers in axillary loosely 

 branched cymes ; pedicels slender, 1-2 cm. long, subtended by small subulate bracts ; calyx-lobes 

 narrowly lanceolate, 4-6 mm. long, glabrous; corolla rose-purple, about 15 mm. high, glabrous, 

 the lobes about 6 mm. long and about as broad, broadly ovate, rounded or subtruncate at apex ; 

 follicles erect, 4-6 cm. long ; seed compressed, oblong-urceolate, 5-6 mm. long, reddish brown ; 

 coma slightly tawny, about 20 mm. long. 



Rocky ridges and slopes. Arid Transition Zone; Modoc Lava Beds and Black Butte, Siskiyou County to Lake 

 and Butte Counties, California. Type locality: collected by Hartweg "In montibus Sacramento," probably 

 in Butte County. May-July. 



Cycladenia humilis var. tomentosa A. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. Amer. ed. 2. 2^: 400. 1886. {Cycladenia 

 tomentosa A. Gray, Bot. Calif. 1: 474. 1876.) Herbage densely tomentose-pubescent; calyx short-hirsute; 

 corolla glabrous on the outer surface, otherwise as in the typical species. Approximately the same range as 

 the species and often associated with it. Probably best considered a pubescent form. It has been shown that 

 in Apocynum seeds from the same plant will give rise to both pubescent and glabrous plants. Type locality: 

 Plimias County, California. 



Cycladenia humilis var. veniista (Eastw.) Woodson ex Munz, Man. S. Calif. 379. 1935. {Cycla- 

 denia venusta Eastw. Bull. Torrey Club 29: 77. 1902.) Corolla-tube and calyx villous-hirsute externally 

 and a little larger than in the typical species; vegetative parts apparently always glabrous. Santa Lucia Peak, 

 Santa Lucia Mountains, Monterey County, eastern San Gabriel Mountains, southern California, and San 

 Rafael Swell, Utah. Type locality: Santa Lucia Peak, California. 



