DODDER FAMILY 391 



1. Cuscuta Cephalanthi Engelm. Buttonbush Dodder. Fig. 3871. 



Cuscuta Cephalanthi Engelm. Amer. Journ. Sci. 43: 336. pi. 6 figs. 1-6. 1842. 

 Cuscuta tenuiflora Engelm. Lond. Journ. Bot. 2: 197. 1843. 

 Epithymum CephalanthiNien. & Lun. Amer. Midi. Nat. 4: 511. 1916. 



Plant yellow, the stems medium. Flowers subsessile or sessile, clustered, about 2 mm. long, 

 commonly 4-merous, glabrous or sometimes glandular ; calyx deeply divided, shorter than the 

 corolla-tube, the lobes oblong-ovate, obtuse, overlapping at base; corolla cylmdnc-campanulate 

 in anthesis, lobes ovate, obtuse, much shorter than the tube, erect or spreadmg ; scales oblong, 

 fringed ; stamens equaling or a little shorter than the lobes ; styles equaling or a little longer 

 than the ovary ; capsule globose, often glandular, without stylopodium, capped by the persistent 

 withered corolla. 



Parasitic on various plants. Sonoran and Transition Zones; western Washington and Oregon to Maine, 

 Texas, and Virginia. Type locality: "on the margin of ponds and swamps near St. Louis, Missouri. July-bept. 



2. Cuscuta obtusiflora var. glandulosa Engelm. Peruvian Dodder. Fig. 3872. 



Cuscuta obtusiflora var. glandulosa Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. 1: 492. 1859. 

 Cuscuta glandulosa Small, Fl. S.E. U.S. 969. 1903. 



Stems light yellow, medium slender. Flowers glandular, about 2 mm. long, subsessile in 

 compact glomerulate clusters, these scattered or often aggregated; calyx-lobes about equaling 

 the corolla-tube, round-ovate, obtuse, not overlapping at base; corolla-tube, short, campanulate, 

 lobes triangular-ovate, acutish, spreading or reflexed; stamens shorter than the corolla-lobes; 

 scales oblong, fringed at the usually truncate apex ; styles subulate, about equaling the globose 

 ovary; capsule depressed-globose, irregularly bursting. 



Parasitic on various plants, often on Polygonum, Sonoran Zones; southern California to Florida and 

 south tn Mexico and the West Indies. The only known California collections were made by Parish, near ban 

 Bernardino. Type locality: Durango, Mexico. April-Oct. 



3. Cuscuta pentagona Engelm. Field Dodder. Fig. 3873. 



Cuscuta arvensis Beyrich ex Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 77, as a synonym. 1838. 

 Cuscuta pentagona Engelm. Amer. Journ. Sci. 43: 340. pi. 6. figs. 22-24. 1842. 

 Cuscuta arvensis Beyrich ex Engelm. in Gray, Man. ed. 2. 336. 1856. 

 Cuscuta arvensis var. pentagona Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. 1 : 494. 1859. 



Stems slender, pale yellow. Flowers mostly in small loose clusters, about 1.5 mm. long 

 and about equaled bv the pedicels, more or less glandular; calyx deeply divided, lobes mostly 

 broader than long, scarcely 1 mm. long, rounded at apex, overlapping at base; corolla-tube 

 campanulate, shorter than the calyx ; lobes spreading, lanceolate, acute, the margins strongly 

 inflexed at apex; anthers scarcely 0.5 mm. long, shorter than the filaments; scales broadly 

 oblong, fringed; styles slender, about equaling the ovary; capsule globose, ovoid-globose, or 

 rarely slightly depressed, 1.5-2 mm. broad; seeds about 1 mm. long. 



Parasitic on various plants, usually in fields or low ground, Sonoran and Transition Zones; eastern 

 Oregon to southern California, east to the eastern United States, where it is more common than in the Pa- 

 cific States. Type locality: Norfolk, Virginia. July-Oct. 



4. Cuscuta campestris Yimcker. Western Field Dodder. Fig. 3874. 



Cuscuta pentagona var. calycina Engelm. Amer. Journ. Sci. 45: 76. 1845. 

 Cuscuta arvensis Beyrich ex Engelm. in A. Gray, Man. ed. 2. 336, in part. 1856. 

 Cuscuta arvensis var. calycina Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. 1 : 495. 1859. 

 Cuscuta campestris Yuncker, Mem. Torrey Club 13: 138. 1932. 



Stems light yellow, medium slender. Flowers short-pedicelled, in compact globular clu<;ters. 

 2-3 mm. long, often glandular; calyx-lobes oval or suborbicular about concealing the corolla- 

 tube, rounded at apex, overlapping at base when young but not protruding to form angles; 

 corolla-lobes spreading, triangular, acute and the margins somewhat inflexed at apex, the tube 

 campanulate, about equaling the lobes; stamens shorter than the lobes, anthers oval, shorter 

 than the filaments ; styles slender, about equaling the globose ovary ; capsule depressed-globose, 

 2.5-3 mm. broad, with the withered corolla persisting at the base; seed about 1.5 mm. long. 



Native of North America, parasitic on alfalfa, cocklebur, and various other plants, mainly Sonoran Zones; 

 eastern Washington to southern California, east across the continent, and south to the West Indies, Mexico, and 

 South America. Type locality: "Texas." Aug. -Oct. 



5. Cuscuta suaveolens Ser. Fringed Dodder. Fig. 3875. 



Cuscuta suaveolens Ser. Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 3: 519. 1840. 



Cuscuta raccmosa var. chiliana Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. 1 : 505. 1859. 



Stems slender, straw-colored. Flowers in racemose clusters, short-pedicelled, membranous, 

 more or less glandular; calyx-lobes triangular-ovate, acutish, not overlapping at base, their 

 edges often revolute; corolla campanulate to broadly funnelform, becoming globular about the 

 capsule in age, not circumscissile ; corolla-lobes ovate-triangular, erect, about half to three- 

 fourths as long as the tube ; stamens shorter than the corolla-lobes, filaments subulate about 

 as long as the anthers, scales broadly oblong, mostly not reaching the base of the filaments, 

 fringed; styles slender, about as long as the globose ovary; capsule globose, surrounded by 

 the withered persistent corolla. 



Parasitic mostly on leguminous plants especially alfalfa, native of South America, but its seed widely 



