HEATH FAMILY 305 



cidally 4-5-vaIved; seeds numerous, minute, not winged. [Greek mythology, Cassiope, 

 mother of Andromeda.] 



A circumboreal and alpine genus of the northern hemisphere including about 10 known species. Type species, 

 Andromeda tetragona L. 



Leaves distinctly grooved on the back. 1- C. tetragona. 



Leaves not grooved, but usually somewhat keeled on the back. 2. C. Merlcnsiana. 



1. Cassiope tetragona (L.) D. Don. Lapland Cassiope. Fig. 3684. 



Andromeda tetragona L. Sp. PI. 393. 1753. 



Cassiope tetragona D. Don, Edinb. New Phil. Journ. 17: 158. 1834. 



Low alpine shrub, the branchlets stout, 5-30 cm. high. Leaves oblong-ovoid, 3.5-5.5 rnm. 

 long, obtuse or sometimes acutish, puberulent when young, distinctly marked vyith a longitudmal 

 groove down the back ; without a membranous margin or terminal bristle ; pedicels 1-3 cm. long, 

 glabrous ; calyx-lobes 2-3 mm. long, acute ; corolla white, 4-6 mm. long, the lobes ovate ; sta- 

 mens 2 mm. long ; capsule globose, about 3 mm. broad, glabrous. 



Rocky slopes and tundra, Arctic and Hudsonian Zones; circumboreal, ranging as far south as Labrador 

 and northern Washington, where it has been collected by Lyall on the 49th parallel and by Elmer near Loomis, 

 Okanogan County. Type locality: Lapland. July-Aug. 



2. Cassiope Mertensiana (Bong.) G. Don. Western Mountain Heather. 



Fig. 3685. 



Andromeda Mertensiana Bong. Mem. Acad. St. Petersb. VI. 2: 152. 1831. 

 Cassiope Mertensiana G. Don, Gen. Hist. PI. 3: 829. 1834. 

 Andromeda cupressina Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 38. 1834. 



Low creeping alpine shrub with ascending branches, 1-3 dm. high. Leaves 3-6 mm. long, 

 obtuse at the apex, rounded or slightly keeled on the back, narrowly scarious-margined ; pedi- 

 cels 6-20 mm. long, minutely puberulent; calyx-lobes 2-3.5 mm. long, ovate, obtuse, entn'e or 

 slightly erose at the apex ; stamens 2-2 . 5 mm. long ; capsule subglobose or ovoid, 2.5-3.5 mm. 

 long. 



Rock crevices and banks, Arctic-Alpine and Hudsonian Zones; Alaska, south in the Olympic and Cascade 

 Mountains of Washington and Oregon, and the Sierra Nevada, California. Type locality: Sitka, Alaska. July- 

 Aug. 



9. HARRIMANELLA Coville, Proc. Wash. Acad. 3:570. 190L 



Dwarf shrubs with diffuse branches forming mats or tufts. Leaves alternate, per- 

 sistent, empetriform, usually crowded on the branchlets, sessile or short-petioled, erose 

 or minutely toothed. Flowers usually solitary and nodding, terminating slender bract- 

 less pedicels. Calyx persistent, 5-lobed almost to the base. Corolla campanulate, plaited 

 near the base, the lobes overlapping, as long or longer than the tube. Stamens 10, in- 

 cluded; filaments of unequal length, swollen at the base; anthers with a pair of dorsal 

 awns, opening by large terminal pores. Ovary 5-celled, subglobose, seated on a small 

 lobed disk ; style short and stout, ovoid or broadly conic, persistent ; stigma minute. Cap- 

 sule globose or ovoid, 5-Iobed, loculicidally 5-valved; seeds numerous, slightly or not 

 at all winged, without apical appendages. [Name in honor of Mr. E. H. Harriman, spon- 

 sor of the Harriman Alaska Expedition.] 



An Arctic genus of 2 species, one in Europe and eastern North America, the other in eastern Asia and 

 western North America. Type species, Andromeda Stelleriana Pall. 



L Harrimanella Stelleriana (Pall.) Coville. Alaska Moss Heath. Fig. 3686. 



Andromeda Stelleriana Pall. Fl. Ross. 1: 58. 1788. 



Cassiope Stelleriana DC. Prod. 7: 611. 1839. 



Harrimanella Stelleriana Coville, Proc. Wash. Acad. 3: 574. 1901. 



Diffuse matted shrub, 10 cm. high or less, resembling Empetrum in habit. Leaves 2-4 mm. 

 long, spreading, oblong or narrowly oblong, rounded or acutish at the apex, narrowed at the 

 base to a short decurrent petiole, erose ; pedicels little exceeding the leaves in anthesis, twice as 

 long in fruit, pubescent or glabrous; calyx-lobes reddish, 3.5-4 mm. long, oval or oblong; corolla 

 white or tinged with pink, 6-7 mm. long, the lobes longer than the tube; capsule subglobose, 

 4-5 mm. long. 



A characteristic plant near timber line, Arctic- Alpine and Hudsonian Zones; coastal region of Alaska to 

 Mount Rainier, Washington; also in eastern Siberia and northern Japan. Type locality: eastern Siberia. July- 

 Aug. 



10. LEUCOTHOE D. Don, Edinb. New Phil. Journ. 17: 159. 1834. 



Erect shrubs, usually with flexible stems. Leaves alternate, persistent, entire or 

 toothed, petioled. Flowers perfect, bracteate, in axillary or terminal panicles. Calyx 

 5-lobed, persistent. Corolla urceolate or tubular, the lobes short. Stamens 10, included; 

 filaments subulate ; anthers attached near the base, with 1-2 short awns or mucronations 

 near the apex, dehiscent by terminal pores. Ovary seated on a 10-lobed disk, 5-celled; 



