306 ERICACEAE 



style slender, straight; stigma small, capitate or slightly 5-lobed. Capsule depressed- 

 globose, thin-walled, loculicidally 5-valved ; seeds numerous, minute. [Leucothe, daughter 

 of Orchamur, King of Babylon, and Eurynome.] 



About 35 species, natives of eastern Asia and North and South America. Besides the following, 5 other 

 species inhabit eastern United States. Type species, Andromeda axillaris Lam. 



1. Leucothoe Davisiae Torr. Western Leucothoe. Fig. 3687. 



Leucothoe Davisiae Torr. ex A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 7: 400. 1868. 

 Leucothoe Cnsickii M. E. Jones, Contr. West. Bot. No. 11: 1. 1903. 

 Oreocallis Davisiae Small, N. Amer. Fl. 29: 58. 1914. 



An erect shrub 6-15 dm. high, with rather stout glabrous branchlets. Leaves on short peti- 

 oles, oblong to oblong-ovate, 3-6 cm. long, obtuse or acutish, serrulate, pale green and coria- 

 ceous ; panicle terminal, 5-15 cm. long, the branches erect; bractlets scariotis, whitish; flowers 

 nodding, articulate with the pedicel ; calyx-lobes nearly distinct, thin and whitish ; corolla white, 

 5-6 mm. long ; capsule depressed-globose, 5 mm. broad, erect. 



Bogs and edges of pools, Canadian Zone; Siskiyou and Cascade Mountains, southern Oregon, to the southern 

 Sierra Nevada, California. Type locality: "Nevada County near Eureka, California." June-July. 



11. GAULTHERIA L. Sp. PI. 395. 1753. 



Evergreen shrubs with alternate coriaceous leaves. Flowers solitary in the axils, or 

 racemose or paniculate. Calyx persistent, the lobes longer than the tube and often ac- 

 crescent. Corolla campanulate, ovoid or urceolate, 5-lobed. Stamens 10, included; the 

 filaments dilated at base and adnate to the base of the corolla-tube ; anthers 2-a\vned, de- 

 hiscing by terminal pores. Ovary 5-celled, 5-lobed, seated on a 10-lobed disk; style co- 

 lumnar; stigma entire; ovules numerous. Fruiting calyx accrescent and fleshy, enclosing 

 the capsule. [Name in honor of Dr. Gaultier, of Quebec] 



About 100 species, especially abundant in the Andes, South America, a few are Asiatic. Besides the fol- 

 lowing, one other, C. procumbens L., inhabits the cool-temperate parts of Canada and eastern United States. Type 

 species, Gaulthcria procumbens L. 

 Flowers solitary in the upper axils, campanulate; filaments glabrous; dwarf shrubs. 



Calyx glabrous; leaves ovate, about 10-15 mm. long. 1- G- hiimifusa. 



Calyx pubescent; leaves ovate or subcordate, 20-40 mm. long. 2. G. ovatifoha. 



Flowers urceolate, in elongated many-flowered terminal or subterminal racemes; filaments hairy; shrubs, 5-20 dm. 

 Iiigh. 3. G. ShalloH. 



1. Gaultheria humifusa (Graham) Rydb. Alpine Spicy Wintergreen. Fig. 3688. 



yaccinium humifusum Graham, Edinb. New Phil. Journ. 11: 193. 1831. 

 Gaultheria Myrsinites Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 35. 1834. 

 Gaultheria humifusa Rydb. Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 1 : 300. 1900. 



Low shrub with creeping stems, the branches mostly less than 10 cm. high, slender, glabrous 

 or puberulent. Leaves oval to round-oval, or rarely ovate-oval, the larger rarely over 15 mm. 

 long, obtuse at apex, obtuse to rounded at base, entire or obscurely serrulate, petioles very short ; 

 flowers solitary in the axils, on short bracted peduncles; calyx 2.5-3 mm. long, and nearly as 

 broad, toothed to near the middle, glabrous ; corolla slightly exceeding the calyx ; anthers with- 

 out appendages ; fruiting calyx enlarged, forming a fleshy berry-like fruit, 5-7 mm. in diameter, 

 scarlet and spicy-flavored. 



Moist mossy banks and edges of wet meadows, mainly Hudsonian Zone; British Columbia and Alberta, south 

 to Colorado and California. In the Pacific States it is found in the Olympic and Cascade Mountains, and locally 

 in the Sierra Nevada. Type locality: Canadian Rocky Mountains. Type grown from seeds in the botanic garden 

 at Edinburgh. July-Aug. 



2. Gaultheria ovatifolia A. Gray. Oregon Spicy Wintergreen. Fig. 3689. 



Gaultheria ovatifolia A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 19: 85. 1883. 



Low shrub with procumbent stems and erect or ascending branches, seldom over 15 cm. high, 

 the branchlets, petioles and calyx pubescent with loosely spreading hairs. Leaves ovate to 

 broadly ovate, the larger 20-25 mm. long, acute at apex, abruptly rounded or subcordate at 

 base, distinctly serrulate ; flowers solitary in the axils on short bracteate peduncles ; calyx 2 mm. 

 long, the lobes exceeding the tube ; corolla 3 . 5 mm. long ; berry-like fruit, scarlet, globose, 4-5 

 mm. in diameter, spicy-flavored. 



Coniferous forests. Transition and Canadian Zones; British Columbia south to northern Idaho and the 

 Siskiyou Mountains, California. Type locality: "Cascade Mountains, borders of British Columbia, Washington 

 Territory, and northern Oregon." July-Aug. 



3. Gaultheria Shallon Pursh. Salal. Fig. 3690. 



Gaultheria Shallon Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 284. pi. 12. 1814. 



DiflFusely branching shrub, 6-20 dm. high, with rather stout branches and glandular-pubescent 

 branchlets. Leaves mostly oval-ovate, varying from oval to suborbicular, 3-10 cm. long, or 

 rarely longer, usually abruptly short-acuminate, rounded or subcordate at base, glabrous at least 

 in age, glossy green above, paler and veiny beneath, serrulate; panicles 7-,! 5 cm. long, their 



