554 BORAGINACEAE 



with a dense fine pubescence, scattering pointed hirsute hairs intermingling, the finer pubescence 

 appressed above, retrorsely so toward the base. Lower leaves crowded at the base, linear to 

 linear-oblanceolate, 6-8 cm. long, 4-8 mm. wide, narrowed to petioles one-third to nearly as 

 long as the blades, acute or acuminate; upper leaves linear, sessile, acuminate, 2-3.5 cm. long; 

 inflorescence open, the lower branches often 12-18 cm. long in fruit; pedicels slender, recurved- 

 spreading, the lower 10-15 mm. long; calyx-lobes linear-oblong, mostly acute, 3 mm. long in 

 fruit; corolla blue, the tube equaling the calyx-lobes, limb 12-15 mm. broad; appendages short- 

 pilose, crest suborbicular, retuse at apex; nutlets oblong-ovoid; marginal prickles united about 

 one-third their length, mostly exceeding the width of the nutlet ; dorsal surface finely munculate 

 and puberulent, and with a few very short barbed prickles near the center. 



Canyon slopes, in sandy or rocky soils. Arid Transition Zone; northeastern Washington, from Okanogan 

 County to Stevens, Lincoln and Spokane Counties, northward into adjacent British Columbia. Type locality: 

 "Kettle Falls and Spokane River." Collected by Douglas. May-June. 



11. Hackelia venusta (Piper) St. John. Showy Stickseed. Fig. 4212. 



Lappula venusta Piper, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 37: 93. 1924. 



Hackelia venusta St. John, Research Stud. St. Coll. Wash. 1 : 104. 1929. 



Perennial, leafy stems several, erect, ascending, 2-3 dm. high, hirsute or hispid retrorsely 

 so below, upwardly appressed above, the hairs with enlarged bases. Leaves green and hispid 

 on both sides; lower leaves 3-4 cm. long, the blades oblong-spatulate about as long as the 

 winged petiole, 5-10 mm. wide; upper leaves sessile, linear-oblanceolate, rounded to acutish at 

 apex, 2-4 cm. long; inflorescence loosely cymose in age; bracts of the racemose branches 

 lanceolate to linear; pedicels recurved in age 1-2 cm. long; calyx-lobes linear, acute, 4 mm. 

 long; corolla white, 15-20 mm. broad, tube about equaling the calyx-lobes, lobes orbicular- 

 obovate; appendages yellow, oblong, broadest above, emarginate, minutely roughened; anthers 

 oblong, yellow ; nutlets trigonous, 6 mm. long ; marginal prickles united at base about one-third 

 their length ; dorsal surface convex, sparsely muriculate and with about 10 barbed bristles. 



Rocky slopes, Arid Transition Zone; Chelan County, eastern Washington. Type locality: "Between Turn- 

 water and Drury, Chelan County." May-July. 



12. Hackelia cinerea (Piper) I. M. Johnston. Gray Stickseed. Fig. 4213. 



Lappula cinerea Piper, Bull. Torrey Club 29: 544. 1902. 



Hackelia cinerea I. M. Johnston, Contr. Gray Herb. No. 68: 46. 1923. 



Stems erect, 4-6 dm. high, cinereous throughout with appressed pubescence, and with 

 intermingling hispid hairs, some of these, especially on the basal leaves, pustulate at base. 

 Lower leaves linear to linear-oblong, 5-10 cm. long, stem-leaves sessile, reduced upward, obtuse 

 with upper ones acutish; inflorescence loose, the branches mostly 3-5, often 15-20 cm long, 

 5-15-flowered; bracts narrowly linear, acute, the uppermost minute or wanting; pedicels slender, 

 recurved-reflexed, the lower often 10-15 mm. long; calyx-lobes linear-lanceolate, acute; corolla 

 white, tube 2 mm. long, lobes obovate-orbicular, 3 mm. long : appendages short-pilose, the crest 

 semiorbicular, marginate at apex; nutlets 3-4 mm. long, marginal prickles united at base for 

 about half their length, rather numerous and of uneven length, often curving outwards ; dorsal 

 surface with indistinct medium ridge, muriculate and bearing several short glochidiate bristles. 



Drv rocky or gravelly slopes. Arid Transition Zone: Chelan County, eastern Washington, to Idaho, Montana, 

 and Wyoming. Type locality: "Salmon River bluffs, Idaho, altitude 2,500 feet. May-July. 



13. Hackelia hispida (A. Gray) I. M. Johnston. Rough Stickseed. Fig. 4214. 



Echinospermum hispidum A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 16: 106. 1881. 

 Echinospermum diffusum var. hispidum A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 17: 225. 1882. 

 Lappula hispida Greene, Pittonia 2: 182. 1891. 

 Hackelia hispida I. M. Johnston, Contr. Gray Herb. No. 68: 46. 1923. 



Stems stout, erect or ascending, 3-5 dm. high, hispid with spreading hairs. Lower stem- 

 leaves oblanceolate, narrowed to a winged petiole, central ones sessile, lanceolate, those subtending 

 the lower branches of the inflorescence broadly lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, subclasping, all 

 loosely hispid, the hairs conspicuously pustulate at base; inflorescence open; pedicels often 

 shorter than the fruit ; calyx-lobes oblong, 2 mm. long ; corolla white or greenish, tube barely 

 equaling the calyx-lobes, lobes broadest at base, limb 4-6 mm. broad ; appendages smooth, lunate, 

 much broader than long; nutlets about 4 mm. long, marginal prickles united to about their 

 middle and curved outward to form a cup-like border ; dorsal surface of nutlet often nearly 

 smooth or in age thinly mucronate-roughened, and often with a few short glochidiate bristles 

 near the center. 



Dry rocky slopes. Arid Transition Zone; Douglas County, Washington, to northeastern Oregon. Type 

 locality: Pine Creek, Wallowa County, Oregon. May-June. 



14. Hackelia californica (A. Grav) I. M. Johnston. CaHfornia Stickseed. 



Fig. 4215. 



Echinospermum calif ornicum A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 17: 225. 1882. 



Lappula californica Piper, Bull. Torrey Club 29: 546. 1902. 



Hackelia californica I. M. Johnston, Contr. Gray Herb. No. 68: 47. 1923. 



Hackelia elegans Brand, Pflanzenreich 4^52; 128. 1931. 



Lappula elegans Piper ex Brand, loc. cit. as a synonym. 



Stems usually several, erect or ascending, leafy, 4-6 dm. high, villous-tomentose with spread- 



