604 BORAGINACEAE 



ment must await cytogenetic and cultural studies. Suksdorf (Werdenda 1: 47-113. 1931.) described over 200 

 new species of Amsinckia, basing many of tbem on a single collection, and upon characters of doubtful signifi- 

 cance, for they seem too variable and unstable in this genus. 



Corolla-tube 20-nerved below attachment of stamens; calyx-lobes unequal in width and reduced in numbers (2, 3 

 or 4) by fusion. 

 Nutlets tessellate and dull; scar median, ovate. 



Corolla-limb 6-8 mm. broad; calyx densely rusty-pubescent and bristly. 1. A. Douglasiana. 



Corolla-limb 2-4 mm. broad; calyx thinly whitish-hirsute. 2. A. tessellata. 



Nutlets smooth and shining. 



Scar of nutlet conspicuous, nearly median, ovate-lanceolate. 3. A. grandiftora. 



Scar of nutlet not developed; ventral angle bearing a closed lineate groove. 4. A.vernicosa. 



Corolla-tube 10-nerved below insertion of stamens; calyx-lobes 5, distinct, or the two axial united near the base 

 in spectahilis. 

 Leaves mostly erose-dentate; nutlets black or dark brown, small, 1.5-2 mm. long; corolla funnelform, throat 

 open; coastal species. 

 Corolla 3-5 mm. long. 5. A. Scouleri. 



Corolla 7-16 mm. long. 6. A. spectabilis. 



Leaves entire; nutlets brownish or grayish not black, longer, mostly 2.5-3.5 mm. long; species not mari- 

 time. 

 Corolla funnelform, at least narrowly so, with the throat open and glabrous; stamens inserted, usually 

 more or less irregularly, in the corolla-throat. 

 Corolla orange-yellow, 7-20 mm. long, well-exserted beyond the calyx; plants usually green; stems 



hirsute-bristly, but with little or no fine-appressed hairs. 7. A. intermedia. 



Corolla pale yellow, 4-7 mm. long, little or not at all exserted beyond the calyx-lobes. 



Corolla-limb 2-3 mm. broad; anthers unevenly placed in the throat; nutlets usually with 

 transverse rugae between the keel and lateral angles; leaves pubescent with appressed 

 or ascending hairs. 8. A. retrorsa. 



Corolla-limb about 1 mm. broad; nutlets uniformly muricate between the keel and lateral angles 

 but without transverse rugae; leaves and stems rather sparsely clothed with long 

 spreading bristly hairs. 9. A. micrantha. 



Corolla more or less salverform, the throat constricted and closed or nearly so by intruding hairy saccate 

 processes; stamens inserted evenly in one plane on the tube well below the constriction. 



10. A. lycopsoides. 



1. Amsinckia Douglasiana A. DC. Douglas' Amsinckia or Fiddle-neck. 



Fig. 4328. 



Amsinckia Douglasiana A. DC. Prod. 10: 118. 1846. 



Amsinckia Lemmonii J. F. Macbride, Contr. Gray Herb. No. 48: 50. 1916. 



Amsinckia macrantha Suksd. Werdenda 1 : 102. 1931. 



Amsinckia gloriosa Eastw. ex Suksd. op. cit. 103. 



Amsinckia Mumii Suksd. loc. cit. 



Stems erect, 3-6 dm. high, simple up to the inflorescence, or sometimes branched below, 

 thinly bristly below with more or less appressed bristles, more abundantly so above and the 

 bristles spreading. Leaves linear-lanceolate or the uppermost lanceolate, lowest narrowed to a 

 winged petiole, the others sessile, appressed-hirsute and somewhat cinereous, pustules of the 

 pubescence inconspicuous or wanting, especially in the upper leaves ; spikes dense and sub- 

 capitate when young, 10-15 cm. long in age, the bristles and pubescence rusty colored, especially 

 on the calyx ; calyx-lobes 3-4, the outer one often 3-4 mm. broad, entire or sometimes notched 

 at apex; corolla orange-yellow, tube 10-12 mm. long, limb 6-10 mm. broad; nutlets broadly 

 ovoid, 4 mm. long, the back rather flat with a low or almost obsolete central keel, more or 

 less rugosely wrinkled and densely tessellate, not scabrous or muricate, sometimes denticulate 

 on the lateral angles ; scar ovate, median. 



Rolling open hills and valleys, Upper Sonoran Zone; South Coast Ranges, San Benito County, and Salinas 

 Valley, Monterey County, to northern Santa Barbara County and western Kern County. Type locality: Cali- 

 fornia. Collected by Douglas. March-May. 



2. Amsinckia tessellata A. Gray. Tessellate Fiddle-neck. Fig. 4329. 



Amsinckia tessellata A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 10: 54. 1874. 



Amsinckia collina Greene, Man. Bay Reg. 263. 1894. 



Amsinckia pustulata Heller, Muhlenbergia 2: 243. 1906. 



Amsinckia conica Suksd. Werdenda 1: 104. 1931. In the same publication 15 other species referable to tessellata 

 wer« described. 



Stems stout, branched throughout or sometimes simple below, 3-6 dm. high, hispid with 

 spreading bristles. Leaves linear-lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 2-7 cm. long, rather thinly 

 hispid, the hairs pustulate at base, sessile except the narrowly oblanceolate basal ones ; spikes 

 elongating with age, often 5-12 cm. long; calyx-lobes 3 or 4, when 4 one broader and notched 

 or 2-lobed at apex, when 3 two a little broader and notched at apex, hispid and in the margins 

 densely white-hirsute, 8-13 mm. long; corolla orange, tube 5-10 mm. long, limb 2.5-5 mm. 

 broad ; nutlets 3-3 . 5 mm. long, ovoid, the back low, usually with a median line, densely tessel- 

 late or papillate, and often transversely rugose. 



Dry, usually sandy or rocky soils. Upper and Lower Sonoran Zones; Douglas County, eastern Washington, 

 southeast of the Cascades and the Sierra Nevada to Nevada and Arizona and the desert regions of California, 

 where it also occurs west of the Sierra Nevada in the San Joaquin Valley and the Inner Coast RanRes, from 

 Contra Costa County southward to San Diego County, and northern Lower California. Type locality: near 

 Mount Diablo, California. March-June. 



