474 FOUQUIERIACEAE 



27. Gilia inyoensis I. M. Johnston. Inyo Gilia. Fig. 4037. 



Cilia inyoensis I. M. Johnston, Contr. Gray Herb. No. 75: 39. 1925. 



Gilia campanulata var. breviuscula Jepson, Man. Fl. PI. Calif. 799. 1925. 



Gilia inyoensis var. breviuscula Jepson, Fl. Calif. 3: 194. 1943. 



Annual, 3-10 cm. high, stems spreading from base, glabrous to sparsely stipitate-glandular. 

 Leaves oblanceolate, 3-8 mm. long, entire to somewhat coarsely toothed, becoming bracteate and 

 recurved in the inflorescence ; flowers solitary, on slender pedicels in axils of bracts ; sepals linear- 

 lanceolate, with a membranous margin below which units to form a pseudotube ; corolla broadly 

 funnelform, 3-6 mm. long, lobes ovate, obtuse, white, throat yellow, 2-2.5 mm. long; stamens 

 equal, inserted on middle of throat, 2 mm. long ; capsule ellipsoidal ; seeds numerous in each locule. 



Upper Sonoran Zone; east slope of Sierra Nevada, western Inyo County, California. Type locality: foot- 

 hills west of Bishop. April-May. 



28. Gilia campanulata A. Gray. Bell-flowered Gilia. Fig. 4038. 



Cilia campanulata A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 8: 279. 1870. 

 Navarretia campanulata Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 2: 433. 1891. 



Spreading annual, 2-15 cm. tall, stems sparsely glandular-puberulent. Leaves lanceolate to 

 linear, 6-15 mm. long, entire or with a few teeth; flowers solitary on slender pedicels, each op- 

 posite a leaf and often shorter than the leaf ; calyx deeply cleft, the lobes linear-lanceolate, the 

 lower one-half to two-thirds flanked by a hyaline membrane which unites below to form a pseudo- 

 tube ; corolla funnelform to narrowly campanulate, 5-10 mm. long, the tube very short, 0.5-1 mm. 

 long, throat, 5-7 mm. long, lobes 2-4 mm. long, white with yellow throat ; stamens inserted at 

 base of corolla, unequal; capsule ovoid; seeds several in each locule. 



Sandy soil. Upper Sonoran Zone; Inyo County, California, to southern Nevada. Type locality: foothills of 

 Trinity Mountains, Nevada. April-May. 



Family 129. FOUQUIERlACEAE. 

 FouQuiERiA Family. 



Spiny branched shrubs or small trees, or in Idria with a simple columnar trunk. 

 Leaves alternate on the end of elongated petioles that soon develop into stout spines, 

 secondary leaves fascicled in the axils of the spines. Flowers showy, in terminal 

 panicles. Sepals 5, imbricated, persistent. Corolla sympetalous, tubular, 5-lobed. 

 Stamens 10-15, attached to the base of the corolla-tube ; filaments thickened at base. 

 Ovary solitary, imperfectly 3-celled by the protruding placentae. Ovules few, usu- 

 ally 3-6. Fruit a 3-valved capsule. Seeds winged or the angles fringed with hairs. 



A unique family comprising 2 closely related genera, the following and Idria with one species, Idria colum- 

 naris Kell. of Lower California. The botanical relationship of the family is not clear. In the Botany of California 

 Sereno Watson (1876) placed the genus Fouquieria in the family Tamaricaceae with this comment: "Its char- 

 acters are anomalous, and it has been placed by different authorities in the orders [families] Polemoniaceae, 

 fia)ikcniactac. t oi iviacaccue, and Lrassuiaccae, and taken for a distinct order Fouquieraceae." At the present 

 time it is generally accepted as a distinct family, some authors placing it in the choripetalous order Parietales near 

 the 1 atnaricaccae and others (Diels, in Engler's Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien, 1936) in the sympetalous order 

 Tubifiorae near the families Convolvulaceae and Polemoniaceae. 



1. FOUQUIERIA H.B.K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 6: 81. pi. 527. 1823. 



Characters of the family. [Named in honor of P. E. Fouquier, Parisian professor of 

 medicine.] 



A Mexican genus of about 7 species, one extending northward into the desert regions of southwestern United 

 States. Type species, Fouquieria formosa H.B.K. 



1. Fouquieria splendens Engelm. Ocotillo. Fig. 4039. 



Fouquieria splendens Engelm. in Wisliz. Mem. Tour North Mexico. 98. 1848. 



Shrub with several slender simple stems arising from a common root crown, 2.5-6 mm. 

 high, strongly grooved and ridged by the decurrent bases of the stiff spreading spines, bark light 

 grayish. Primary leaves spatulate to obovate, 2-3 cm. long, entire, early deciduous, their petioles 

 persistent and developing into the spines, 1-2 cm. long ; secondary leaves in the axils of the 

 spines, smaller ; inflorescence a terminal racemose panicle, 5-25 cm. long ; pedicels 4-8 mm. long ; 

 sepals scarious, suborbicular, 6-8 mm. long; corolla scarlet, tube 1.5-2 cm. long, about 5 mm. 

 broad, lobes rounded recurved, 5-7 mm. long ; capsule 10-14 mm. long, 3-valved, persistent ; seeds 

 copiously fringed with long whitish hairs. 



Sloping alluvial mesas (bajadas) of the deserts, Lower Sonoran Zone; Colorado Desert, southern California, 

 to southwestern Texas, south to northern Mexico from Lower California to Coahuila and Zacatecas. Type 

 locality : Jornada del Muerto, New Mexico. March-May. 



