476 HYDROPHYLLACEAE 



scales, the lower ones glabrous brownish purple, those just below the disk woolly-villous and 

 narrower; disk of inflorescence 3-12 cm. in diameter, the whole upper surface densely covered 

 with flowers, the woolly-villous hairs of the calyx giving the whole surface a sandy-gray color ; 

 flowers in the center of the depressed disk with longer pedicels, those in the rim subsessile, 

 giving a plane upper surface and suggesting a mushroom ; corolla purple, about 8 mm. long, 

 tubular, including the short erect rounded lobes, equaling the densely woolly calyx-lobes and 

 appearing as if imbedded in wool. 



Parasitic on the roots of desert shrubs, growing in sandy soil, Lower Sonoran Zone; Colorado Desert in 

 southeastern California and southwestern Arizona, to northern Lower California and Sonera. Type locality: 

 Adair Bay, Sonora. This species is rarely collected in California. May. 



Family 131. HYDROPHYLLACEAE.* 

 Waterleaf Family. 



Perennial, biennial, or annual herbs, or shrubs, with alternate or opposite and 

 frequently divided or compound leaves, and cymose or solitary flowers. Calyx-lobes 

 usually 5, similar or dissimilar, with or without auricles, often accrescent in fruit. 

 Corolla-lobes usually 5, nearly equal, longer or shorter than the corolla-tube, usu- 

 ally with a pair of scales at the base of each filament. Stamens usually 5, hypogynous, 

 exserted or included. Pistil 1, compound, consisting of 2 united carpels; style gen- 

 erally deciduous, deeply 2-parted to entire; stigmas 2, capitate (rarely subulate). 

 Fruit a loculicidal capsule dehiscent by 2 valves, or both loculicidal and septicidal 

 and dehiscent by 4 valves, or irregularly dehiscent; capsule 1 -celled or partially 2- 

 celled by the intrusion of the parietal placentae. Ovules few to very numerous ; seeds 

 one to more than 100. Endosperm present; cotyledons 2, entire. 



A family of about 25 genera and 250 to 300 species, chiefly of western North America. 



Ovary strictly unilocular, nearly filled by the young placentae, these forming a lining for the capsule. 



Perennial; leaves chiefly basal and all alternate; flowers numerous in congested cymes; stamens conspicuously 



exserted. 1. Hydrophyllum. 



Annual; leaves chiefly cauline, at least the lowest opposite; stamens included. 



Herbage pubescent, prickly, or glabrate, neither viscid nor scented; ovules borne only on the front of 

 the placentae. 



Succulent, scandent herbs with prickly stems; flowers several in terminal cymes; capsules prickly 

 or bristly; seeds nearly globose, reticulate or alveolate; cucullus lacking. 



2. Pholistoma. 

 Weak, flaccid herbs with pubescent or glabrate (rarely minutely prickly) stems; flowers solitary, 

 usually in the leaf-axils; capsules pubescent, unarmed; seeds usually ovoid, smooth, tuber 

 culate, or pitted; cucullus present. 3. Nemophila. 



Herbage viscid and scented; ovules borne on both faces of the placentae. 4. Eucrypta. 



Ovary partially or completely divided by the intrusion of the narrow parietal placentae. 



Style lobed, cleft, or divided; plants neither bulbous nor with woolly tubers at the base. 



Calyx-lobes similar, or if differing in size and shape, the plants annual and usually with toothed or 

 divided leaves. 



Usually caulescent; flowers in terminal, usually scorpioid cymes, or solitary in the axils of the 

 cauline leaves; capsule either loculicidal, or both loculicidal and septicidal. 

 Stamens equally inserted, and if unequal in length the seeds strongly corrugated. 



Corolla blue or violet to white, deciduous, or if marcescent the seeds not transversely cor- 

 rugated. .'5. Hhacelia. 

 Corolla yellow, withering-persistent and enclosing the mature capsule. 



Pedicels usually shorter than the erect flowers; seeds usually terete, transversely cor- 

 rugated. 6. Miltitzia. 

 Pedicels equaling or longer than the pendulous flowers; seeds flattened, reticulate. 



7. Emmenanthe. 

 Stamens unequal or/and unequally inserted. 



Leaves all opposite. 8. Draperia. 



Leaves all alternate, or rarely a few opposite. 



Corolla constricted at the insertion of the stamens, the filaments coherent laterally by 



their dilated bases. 9. Lemmonia. 



Corolla not constricted at the point of stamen-insertion, the stamens distinct. 



Annual or perennial herbs, sometimes woody at base; leaves herbaceous; capsule 

 membranaceous or only semi-cartilaginous; seeds usually 6 to numerous. 



Flowers solitary, or few in reduced cymes; seeds usually reticulate, and 

 sometimes shallowly pitted. 10. Noma. 



Flowers numerous in a thyrsoid panicle of cymes; seeds longitudinally striate. 



11. Turricula. 

 Stout shrubs, woody throughout; leaves coriaceous; capsule cartilaginous; seeds 

 usually 2-8. 12. Eriodictyon. 



Acaulescent; flowers usually solitary in the leaf-axils of a basal rosette; capsule septicidal. 



13. Hesperochiron. 

 Calyx-lobes dimorphic, the outer conspicuously enlarged, cordate, and strongly venose in fruit, the inner 

 lobes linear; plants perennial with entire leaves. 14. Tricardia. 



Style entire; plants bulbous or tuberous at base; leaves simple, reniform. 15. Romanzoffia. 



Text contributed by Lincoln Constance. 



