BORAGE FAMILY 537 



6. Pectocarya setosa A. Gray. Bristly Pectocarya. Fig. 4173. 



Pectocarya setosa A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 12: 81. 1876. 



Gruvelia setosa Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 40: 479. 1913. 



Pectocarya setosa var. aptera I. M. Johnston, Contr. Gray Herb. No. 70: 38. 1924. 



Pectocarya setosa var. holoptera I. M. Johnston, op. cit. 39. 



Stem usually diffusely branched from the base, ascending, slender to rather stout, 5-20 cm. 

 high, herbage rather thinly strigose and setose with spreading bristle-like hairs. _ Leaves Imear 

 to linear-oblanceolate, 5-20 mm. long ; calyx-lobes narrowly linear, 3-4 mm. long in fruit, armed 

 with ?>-6 stout straight divergent bristles ; nutlets divergent in pairs, broadly obovate or orbicu- 

 lar, 2 borders all around with a thin scarious wing, 2 wingless, the body of the nutlets and 

 usually the wing bearing slender uncinate bristles, the wing usually slightly undulate and slightly 

 curved upward saucer-like. 



Dry sandy or gravelly flats or slopes, Upper and Lower Sonoran Zones; Yakima County, eastern Wash- 

 ington and central Idaho southward through the arid region east of the Cascades and the Sierra Nevada to 

 the deserts of southern California, and Lower California, east to Idaho, Utah, and Arizona. Type locality: 

 "desert plains of the upper Mohave River." April-June. 



7. Pectocarya pusilla (A. DC.) A. Gray. Little Pectocarya. Fig. 4174. 



Gruvelia pusilla A. DC. Prod. 10: 119. 1846. 



Pectocarya chilcnsis var. calif ornica Torr. Pacif. R. Rep. 4: 124. 18S7. 

 Pectocarya pusilla A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 12: 81. 1876. 

 Pectocarya pusilla var. ftagillaris Brand, Pflanzenreich ^^'-i 96. 1921. 



Stems very slender, simple or few-branched, or sometimes diffusely branched from the base, 

 10-20 cm. long, herbage rather sparingly strigose. Leaves linear or narrowly oblanceolate, 5-15 

 mm. long; calyx-lobes hispidulous and with several uncinate bristles at the tip; corolla barely 

 equaling the calyx; nutlets 4, or rarely reduced to 2, uniformly divergent, cuneate-rhomboid, 

 2.5-3 mm. long, upper face slightly concave between the central rib and the raised margin, 

 sparsely hirsutulous and bearing conspicuous uncinate bristles on the margin. 



Open woods. Upper Sonoran and Transition Zones; Klickitat County, Washington, and Wasco County, 

 Oregon, south to Monterey and Kern Counties, California; also in Chile. Type locality: Chile. April-June. 



5. CYNOGLOSSUM [Tourn.] L. Sp. PI. 134. 1753. 



Perennial or biennial, mostly tall herbs with the basal leaves usually long-petioled 

 and the flowers purple, blue or white in usually bractless and more or less scorpioid in 

 paniculate racemes. Calyx 5-cleft or 5-parted, the segments often enlarged and spreading 

 or reflexed in fruit. Corolla funnelform or salverform, the tube_ short, the throat 

 closed by 5 scales opposite the imbricated rounded lobes. Stamens included; filaments 

 short. Ovary deeply 4-lobed. separating into 4 diverging nutlets ; style slender. Nutlets 

 equally divergent, horizontal, or obliquely ascending in a depressed gynobase, covered 

 all over with short barbed prickles. [Name Greek, meaning hound's tongue.] 



A genus of about 75 species of wide geographic distribution. Type species, Cynoglossum offiicinale L. 



Biennial; nutlets ascending on the pyramidal gynobase, the depressed upper surface surrounded by a raised 

 margin; leaves lanceolate to oblong; introduced species. 1- C- otpctnale. 



Perennials; nutlets horizontal or nearly so, on a depressed gynobase, rounded on the back and without a raised 

 margin; native species. 

 Stems hirsute-pubescent; lower leaves oblanceolate or spatulate, gradually narrowed to the winged petioles. 



Stems glabrous; lower leaves broadly ovate, abruptly narrowed to an elongated petiole. 



3. C. granae, 



1. Cynoglossum officinale L. Hound's Tongue. Fig. 4175. 



Cynoglossum officinale L. Sp. PI. 134. 1753. 



Biennial, villous-tomentose throughout; stems stout, erect, leafy to the top, 4-5 dm. high. 

 Lower leaves oblong to oblong-lanceolate, slender-petioled, 15-30 cm. long, 2-7 cm. wide; upper 

 leaves lanceolate, acute or acuminate, sessile or the uppermost clasping; racemes several to 

 many, simple or branched, sparingly bracted or bractless; much-elongated in fruit; pedicels 5-12 

 mm. long ; calyx-lobes ovate-lanceolate, obtuse or acutish, 5-7 mm. long in fruit ; corolla reddish 

 purple, the broad tube 3-5 mm. long, the limb 6-8 mm. broad; nutlets ascending on the pyra- 

 midal gynobase, about 6 mm. high, flattened on the upper surface and margined, splitting away 

 from the gynobase at maturity but hanging attached to the subulate style. 



Native of Europe and Asia, but introduced and widely distributed over central and eastern North America. 

 In the Pacific States it has become established in Oregon, especially in Wallowa and Marion Counties, lype 

 locality: Europe. May-July. 



2. Cynoglossum occidentale A. Gray. Western Hound's Tongue. Fig. 4176. 



Cynoglossum occidentale A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 10: 58. 1874. 

 Cynoglossum viride Eastw. Proc. Calif. Acad. II. 6: 428. pi. 59. 1896. 



Perennial, the stems 1 to several from the rootcrown, erect, 2-4 dm. high, herbage rather 

 thinly hirsute throughout with recurved or somewhat spreading hairs, or more densely so and 

 somewhat canescent. Lower leaves oblanceolate or linear-oblanceolate, narrowed to a winged 

 petiole, and including it, often 20-25 cm. long; the upper shorter becoming sessile or cordate- 



