BORAGE FAMILY 541 



irregular, tube curved, limb somewhat unequally inserted on the tube, throat closed by- 

 hispid hairs. Stamens 5, included, inserted on the corolla-tube; filaments short. Ovary 

 4-divided; style filiform. Nutlets 4, wrinkled, erect, attached at base to the flat receptacle, 

 scar of attachment concave. [Name Greek, meaning wolf-face.] 



A genus of 4 or 5 species, natives of the Old World. Type species, Lycopsis arvensis L. 



1, Lycopsis arvensis L. Small Bugloss. Fig. 4180. 



Lycopsis arvensis L. Sp. PI. 139. 1753. 



Stem erect or ascending, 3-6 dm. high, often becoming diffusely branched and the branches 

 procumbent. Leaves lanceolate to narrowly oblong or the lower oblanceolate, 2.5-5 cm. long, 

 sessile, or the lower narrowed to a short petiole, obtuse at apex or the uppermost much-reduced 

 and acutish, entire or irregularly dentate ; flowers in terminal scorpioid racemes, crowded, short- 

 pedicelled; calyx-lobes linear-lanceolate; corolla blue or purplish, tube 3-4 mm. long, curved, 

 limb 4-5 mm. broad. 



Native of Eurasia; widely naturalized in fields and vifaste places in eastern United States, but less fre- 

 quent in the Pacific States: Upland, southern California. Jan.-Feb. 



9. ANCHUSA L. Sp. PI. 133. 1753. 



Annual, biennial, or perennial herbs with blue or purple flowers in panicled, scorpioid 

 racemes. Calyx divided into narrow lobes. Corolla trumpet-shaped, the tube straight, 

 the throat closed by scales, the limb with widely spreading lobes. Stamens included. Style 

 slender. Ovary 4-parted. Nutlets 4, their attachment surrounded by an annular ring 

 leaving a pit on the low gynobase. [The ancient Greek name of the alkanet, and of a 

 cosmetic derived from Anchusa tinctoria L.] 



An Old World genus of about 40 species. Type species, Anchusa officinalis L. 



1. Anchusa aziirea L. Italian Anchusa or Alkanet. Fig. 4181. 



Anchusa azurea Mill. Gard. Diet. ed. 8. no 9. 1768. 

 Anchusa italica Retz. Obs. 1: 12. 1779. 



Perennial, 6-15 dm. high, coarsely hirsute, the hairs often pustulate at base. Leaves ovate- 

 lanceolate or the upper narrower, uppermost sessile and clasping, the basal on winged petioles, 

 often 2-5 dm. long ; calyx divided almost to the base, lobes linear-acuminate ; corolla blue, the 

 limb 12-20 mm. broad; nutlets erect, oblong and nearly twice as long as broad. 



Frequently cultivated in the Pacific States and locally established, especially in western (Portland, Salem, 

 Medford) Oregon. June-Aug. 



Anchusa officinalis L. Sp. PI. 133. 1753. Leaves narrower, 1-2.5 cm. wide; calyx divided to the middle 

 or a little below, lobes lanceolate or narrowly triangular; corolla smaller, limb 5-10 mm. broad; nutlets hori- 

 zontal, ovoid, 2-3 mm. long; fruiting panicle loose and broad, racemes 6-12 cm. long. Reported (M. E. Peck, 

 Man. PI. Oregon) as established in the valleys of the Imnaha River, Wallowa County, Oregon. Native of 

 Europe. 



Anchusa capensis Thunb. Prod. PI. Cap. 34. 1794. Cauline leaves narrower, usually less than 1 cm. wide; 

 calyx-lobes deltoid, shorter than the tube; nutlets horizontal, ovoid, 1.5-2 mm. long; fruiting panicle narrow 

 and more compact, racemes 2-5 cm. long. This South African species has been reported (I. M. Johnston, 

 Contr. Gray Herb. No. 70: 9. 1924.) as growing spontaneously in Salem, Oregon. 



10. MYOSOTIS [Dill.] L. Sp. PI. 131. 1753. 



Low, slender, annual or perennial herbs, diffuse or erect, with alternate entire leaves. 

 Flowers small, blue, pink, or white in many-flowered elongated and more or less 1-sided 

 racemes, bractless or sometimes leafy-bracted at base. Calyx 5-cleft, the lobes narrow, 

 spreading or erect in fruit. Corolla salverform, 5-lobed, the lobes rounded, convolute 

 in the bud, the throat crested. Stamens 5, included, inserted on the corolla-tube. Ovary 

 4-divided, style filiform. Nutlets erect, glabrous or pubescent, attached by their bases to 

 the gynobase, the scar of attachment small, flat. [Name Greek, meaning mouse-ear.] 



A genus of about 30 species of wide geographic distribution. Type species, Myosotis scorpioides L. 



Calyx sparsely hairy with closely appressed short straight hairs, neither hooked nor gland-tipped. 



Stems coarse, angled, often stoloniferous at base; styles usually much longer than the nutlets; corolla 6-9 



mm. broad. 1- M- scorpwtdes. 



Stems slender, terete, branched at base, without stolons; styles shorter than the nutlets; corolla 3-6 mm. 

 broad. 2. M. laxa. 



Calyx with uncinate spreading hairs, at least on the tube. 



Calyx very unequally cleft, usually 2-lipped; corolla white, 1-2 mm. broad. 3. M. virginica. 



Calyx equally cleft or nearly so; corolla commonly blue. 



Corolla-limb flat, 5-8 mm. broad. 4. M. sylvatica. 



Corolla-limb concave, 1 . 5—4 mm. broad. 



Pedicels equaling or exceeding the fruiting calyx; calyx-lobes spreading. 5. M. arvensis. 

 Pedicels shorter than the fruiting calyx; calyx-lobes erect. 



Flowers in terminal racemes, also scattered among leaves to near the base of stem; styles 

 always shorter than nutlets. 

 Pedicels slender, spreading; seeds black. 6. M. micrantha. 



Pedicels erect, or nearly so; seeds grayish buff. 7. M. stricta. 



Flowers all in terminal racemes, none scattered among the lower leaves; styles often much 

 longer than nutlets, these black. ■u^ioDxixaa. -/v -g 



