BORAGE FAMILY 545 



2. Mertensia paniculata var. borealis (J. F. Macbride) L. O. Williams. 



Tall Lungwort. Fig. 4191. 



Mertensia f ratensis xar. borealis J. F. Macbride, Contr. Gray Herb. No. 48: 8. 1916. 

 Mertensia paniculata var. borealis L. O. Williams, Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 24: 49. 1937. 

 Mertensia brachycalyx Piper, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 11: 477. 1906. 

 Mertensia leptophylla Piper, op. cit. 478. 



Stems 1 to several from a stout elongated root, 1-7 dm. high, glabrous or sparingly pubescent. 

 Basal leaves 5-20 cm. long, 2.5-10 cm. wide, elliptic-lanceolate to ovate-subcordate, acute to 

 acuminate, lower surface thinly pubescent with spreading hairs or glabrous, upper surface 

 short-strigillose or som.etimes glabrate, pinnately veined, their petioles 10-25 cm. long; cauhne 

 leaves 5-18 cm. long, 1-8 cm. broad, ovate to lanceolate, sharply acuminate, petioles wmged, 

 gradually shorter upward on the stem; inflorescence a modified scorpioid cyme, elongated in 

 age; pedicels strigose; calyx-lobes narrowly linear-lanceolate, ciliate on the margin, glabrate or 

 strigose on the back; corolla blue, rarely white, often pink when young, tube 4.5-7 mm. long, 

 the limb 6-9 mm. long, a little longer than the tube, well-expanded, pubescent or glabrous 

 within; anthers 2.2-3.3 mm. long; style about as long as or exceeding the corolla. 



Moist woods and meadows, mainly Canadian Zone; southern British Columbia, Olympic and Cascade 

 Mountains, Washington to the Cascades, Oregon, east to Idaho and western Montana. Type locality: divide 

 between St. Joe and Clearwater rivers," Idaho. June-July. 



Mertensia paniculata (Ait.) G. Don, Gen. Hist. PI. 4: 318. 1838. (Pulmmiaria paniculata Ait. Hort. 

 Kew 1: 181. 1789.) The typical species reaches the Pacific States in Stevens and Spokane Counties, north- 

 eastern Washington. It differs mainly from the variety borealis in having the upper surface of the leaves 

 scabrous with short-appressed hairs and the lower surface with rough spreading hairs. This typical form of 

 the species ranges from Alaska and the Yukon to Quebec and south to British Columbia, Idaho, Montana, and 

 Wisconsin, reaching the Pacific States in northeastern Washington (Ferry, Stevens, and Spokane Counties). 

 Type locality: Hudson Bay. 



3. Mertensia platyphylla Heller. Broad-leaved Lungwort. Fig. 4192. 



Mertensia platyphylla Heller, Bull. Torrey Club 26: 548. 1899. 



Mertensia paniculata var. platyphylla G. N. Jones, Univ. Wash. Pub. Biol. 5: 220. 1936. 



Stems 1 or few from the elongated root, erect 3-9 dm. high, glabrous or with scattering 

 recurved or spreading hairs. Basal leaves ovate to oblong-ovate, rather abruptly acummate at 

 apex, usually subcordate at base, mostly 6-10 cm. long, shorter than the rather slender petioles ; 

 cauline leaves 5-10 cm. long, ovate-lanceolate to ovate, acuminate at apex, obtuse at base, the 

 lower on petioles about half as long as the blade, the uppermost short-petioled or subsessile, 

 thinly and minutely strigose on the upper surface, glabrous or sparingly hairy especially on the 

 veins' beneath ; scorpioid cymes congested at first, becoming elongated in age ; pedicels strigose ; 

 calyx-lobes linear-lanceolate, usually glabrous without, strigose within, ciliate on the margins, 

 about 6 mm. long in flower, 10-12 mm. long in fruit; corolla blue, the tube 2.5-6 mm. long, 

 the limb moderately expanded, 6-9 mm. long, always exceeding the tube; crests conspicuous; 

 anthers 4-5 mm. long; style equaling or a little longer than the corolla; nutlets 5-7 mm. long, 

 rugosely roughened all over or sometimes smooth on the inner face. 



Edges of moist woods and along streams, Humid Transition Zone; western Washington in the Puget 

 Sound region and Chehalis County south at least to the Nisqually River. Type locality: near Montesano, 

 altitude 200 feet, Chehalis County. May-Aug. 



Mertensia platyphylla var. subcordata (Greene) L. O. Williams, Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 24: 60. 1937. 

 {Mertensia subcordata Greene, Pittonia 4: 89. 1899; M. paniculata var. subcordata J. F. Macbride, Contr. 

 Gray Herb No. 48: 7. 1916.) Closely resembling the typical species; cauhne leaves sometimes slightly 

 subcordate, and herbage in age often nearly glabrous; calyx-lobes 2.5-4 mm. long, broadly lanceolate to 

 triangular or oblong, usually obtuse. Moist places, Humid Transition Zone; Clatsop and Multnomah Counties 

 south to Coos and Douglas Counties, Oregon. Type locality: "Umpqua Valley at Roseburg, Oregon. 



4. Mertensia ciliata (James) G. Don. Ciliate Lungwort. Fig. 4193. 



Pulmonaria ciliata James ex Torr. Ann. Lye. N.Y. 2: 224. 1828. 

 Mertensia ciliata G. Don, Gen. Hist. PI. 4: 372. 1838. 



Stems erect or ascending, 1-10 dm. high, usually several from the stout branching rootstock. 

 Basal leaves oblong to ovate or lanceolate, subcordate at base, 4-15 cm. long, ciliate on the 

 margins, often papillate on the upper surface, petioles longer or shorter than the blades; stem- 

 leaves lanceolate to ovate, acute to acuminate at apex, attenuate or subcordate at base, the lower 

 short-petiolate, the upper sessile; inflorescence becoming lax in age; calyx-lobes 1.5-3 rnm. 

 long, obtuse or acutish, ciliate or papillate on the margins otherwise glabrous ; corolla-tube 6-8 

 mm. long, glabrous or with crisped hairs within, the limb about equaling the tube, sometimes 

 a little longer, only slightly expanded; anthers 1-2.5 mm. long; style as long or slightly longer 

 than the corolla; nutlets rugose or mammillate. 



Moist meadows or stream banks, mainly Canadian Zone; Idaho and Montana south to Utah and Nevada; 

 reaching the Pacific States only in eastern Oregon, where it occurs in the mountains east of Prairie City, Urant 

 County, and in Steen Mountains, Harney County. Type locality: "along streams within the Rocky Mts. 

 Collected by James. May-June. 



Mertensia ciliata var. stomatechoides (Kell.) Jepson, Man. Fl. PI. Calif. 842. 1925. {Mertensia 

 stomatechoides Kell. Proc. Calif. Acad. 2: 148. 1863.) Leaves generally narrower, those of the stem mostly 

 oblong- to linear-lanceolate; calyx-lobes 2.5-6 mm. long; style commonly well exceeding the corolla. Gearhart, 

 Warner, and Steen Mountains, southern Oregon, south to western Nevada and in the Sierra JNevada to 

 Tulare County, California. Type locality: headwater of Carson River, Sierra Nevada, California. 



