546 BORAGINACEAE 



5. Mertensia umbratilis Greenm. Shade Lungwort. Fig. 4194. 



Mertensia umbratilis Greenm. Erythea 7: 118. 1899. 

 Mertensia infirma Piper, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 11: 476. 1906. 

 Mertensia ambigua Piper, op. cit. 477. 



Stems erect or ascending, 2-5 dm. high, 1 to several from the stout, simple or few-branched 

 rootstock. Lowest leaves obovate-spatulate, 16-20 cm. long, tapering to a winged petiole nearly 

 equal in length to the blade and sheathing at base; upper stem-leaves short-petiolate to sub- 

 sessile, oblong-lanceolate, 4-10 cm. long; glabrous to hirsute in the upper surface, glabrous or 

 rarely pubescent on the lower, ciliate on the margin ; inflorescence rather congested at the apex, 

 not becoming lax in age ; calyx 3-8 mm. long, the lobes lanceolate, acute, ciliate on the margins, 

 otherwise glabrous; corolla-tube 7-14 mm., mostly about 10 mm. long, glabrous within, the 

 limb 5-9 mm. long, moderately expanded; anthers 1.5-2.5 mm. long; crests prominent; style 

 about equaling to slightly exceeding the corolla; nutlets 4 mm. long, rugose. 



Mostly on rocky slopes, especially in sagebrush areas, Arid Transition Zone; Chelan and Kittitas Counties, 

 Washington, to Crook and Union Counties, Oregon. Type locality: "on dry mountains near Sparta, Union 

 County, Oregon." April-June. 



6. Mertensia oblongifolia (Nutt.) G. Don. Leafy Lungwort. Fig. 4195. 



Pulmonaria oblongifolia Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phila. 7: 43. 1834. 



Mertensia oblongifolia G. Don, Gen. Hist. PI. 4: 372. 1838. 



Mertensia nutans subsp. subclava Piper, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 11: 479. 1906. 



Mertensia foliosa var. subclava J. F. Macbride, Contr. Gray Herb. No. 48: 18. 1916. 



Stems 1 to several from the simple or branched crown of an elongated rootstock, erect or 

 ascending, 1-3 dm. high. Basal leaves oblong to oblong-ovate or sometimes spatulate, 3-8 cm. 

 long, strigose on the upper surface, glabrous beneath; petiole usually longer than the blade; 

 cauline leaves sessile or the lower short-petiolate, linear to oblong-elliptic, 2-8 cm. long ; in- 

 florescence at first congested becoming loosely panicled in age; calyx 3-7 mm. long, divided 

 almost to the base, the lobes linear to linear-lanceolate, acute, ciliate on the margins, otherwise 

 glabrous or nearly so; corolla-tube 5-12 mm. long, glabrous within or rarely with a few scat- 

 tered hairs; limb 4-7 mm. long; anthers 2 mm. or less in length, oblong; styles included; 

 nutlets rugose. 



Moist slopes and meadows, Arid Transition and Canadian Zones; Yakima County, eastern Washington 

 east to Montana, south to Lake and Harney Counties, Oregon and Elko County, Nevada. Rarely collected in 

 the Pacific States. Type locality: "sources of the Columbia River." Collected by Wyeth. April-July. 



Mertensia oblongifolia var. nevadensis (A. Nels.) L. O. Williams, Ann. Mo. Bot. Card. 24: 125. 1937. 

 (Mertensia foliosa A. Nels. Bull. Torrey Club 26: 243. 1899; M. nutans Howell, Fl. N W. Amer 491. 1901; 

 M. nevadensis A. Nels. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 17: 96. 1904; M. praecox Smiley ex J. F. Macbride, Contr. 

 Gray Herb. No. 48: 10. 1916; M. foliosa var. nevadensis J. F. Macbride, op. cit. 19.) Differs chiefly from 

 the species by both surfaces of the leaves being glabrous on the upper surface, sometimes pustulate and rarely 

 the pustules near the apex of the leaf producing minute mucros. This is the common representative of the 

 species in the Pacific States; ranging along the eastern edge of the Cascades of Washington from Chelan 

 County to Klickitat County and southward to the east side of the Sierra Nevada, Sierra County, California, 

 eastward to Montana, Wyoming, and Utah. Type locality: "Hunter Creek Canyon, near Reno, Nevada. 



Mertensia oblongifolia var. amoena (A. Nels.) L. O. Williams, Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 24: 130. 1937. 

 (Mertensia amoena A. Nels. Bot. Gaz. 30: 195. 1900; M. Cusickii Piper, Bull. Torrey Club 29: 643 1902; 

 M. pubescens Piper, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 11: 479. 1906; M. Bakeri amoena A. Nels. in Coult. & Nels. 

 Man Bot Rocky Mts. 422. 1909.) Similar to the species but often taller; leaves more or less densely 

 villous-piibescent on both sides. Moist slopes, east of the Cascades, Washington, south in the Pacific States 

 to the Warner Mountains, Modoc County, California, and Steen Mountains, Harney County, Oregon (.type 

 locality for M. Cusickii), east to Montana, Wyoming, Nevada, and Utah. Type locality: among sabebrush on 

 moist slope, Monida, Madison County, Montana. 



7. Mertensia longiflora Greene. Long-flowered Lungwort. Fig. 4196. 



Mertensia longiflora Greene, Pittonia 3: 261. 1898. 



Mertensia pulchella Piper, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 11: 478. 1906. 



Mertensia Horneri Piper, op. cit. 479. 



Mertensia longiflora var. pulchella J. F. Macbride, Contr. Gray Herb. No. 48: 17. 1916. 



Stems 1 or sometimes 2 or 3 from a shallow tuberous root, slender, 1-2.5 dm._ high, including 

 subterranean part. Basal leaves seldom developed on roots producing flowering stems, oval 

 to spatulate, 2-5 cm. long, on winged petioles, those at the base of flowering stems usually 

 reduced to linear scarious bracts; cauline leaves oblong-lanceolate or -oblanceolate to broadly 

 oval, 2-8 cm. long, obtuse, glabrous to strigose or hirsute above, glabrous beneath ; inflorescence 

 often congested, the pedicels short, 1-6 mm. long; calyx-lobes lanceolate to linear-lanceolate. 

 3-5 mm. long, ciliate on the margins, otherwise glabrous; corolla-tube 8-15 mm. long, glabrous 

 within or with a few scattering hairs near the base; limb usually much shorter than the tube; 

 anthers 1-1.5 mm. long, filaments about as broad as the anthers; style about equaling or some- 

 what exceeding the corolla; nutlets 3-4 mm. long, rugose. 



Moist basaltic or sandy soils. Arid Transition and Canadian Zones; Chelan and Stevens Counties, Wash- 



12. LITHOSPERMUM [Tourn.] L. Sp. PI. 132. 1753. 



Annual or perennial, pubescent, hirsute or hispid herbs, with alternate leaves, and 

 small white, yellow or blue flowers in leafy-bracted spikes or racemes. Calyx 5-parted 



