WATERLEAF FAMILY 529 



ing peduncles Calyx divided nearly to the base, the lobes often unequal. Corolla white 

 or bluish deciduous, funnelform or rotate, often irregularly divided, exceeding the calyx. 

 Stamens included, borne on the corolla-tube, often unequal, the filaments dilated at base, 

 the anthers somewhat versatile. Style included, shortly 2-cleft at apex. Mature capsule 

 unilocular ovoid to ovoid-oblong. Ovules borne on narrow placentae projecting inwards 

 from the sutures. Seeds numerous, dark brown, ovoid, angular, alveolate. [Name Greek, 

 meaning western and Chiron, one of the centaurs skilled in medicine.] 



A genus of 2 species of western North America. Type species, Ourisia californica Benth. 



Corolla pelviform to rotate, densely long-hairy within. 1- H. pumtlus. 



Corolla funnelform to salverform, glabrate or only short-hairy within. 2. H. caltfcfrmcus. 



1. Hesperochiron pumilus (Griseb.) Porter. Dwarf Hesperochiron. Fig. 4156. 



Villarsia pitmila Griseb. ex Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 70. pi. 157. 1838. 



Hesperochiron pumilus Porter, Hayden Geol. Rep. 768. 1872. 



Hesperochiron ciliatus Greene, Pittonia 1 : 282. 1889. 



Capnorea fulcrata Greene, Pittonia 5: 51. 1902. 



Capnorea hirtella Greene, op. cit. SI. 



Capnorea nervosa Greene, op. cit. 51. 



Capnorea campanulata Greene, op. cit. 52. 



Capnorea villosula Greene, op. cit. 52. 



Hesperochiron pumilus var. vestitus Brand, Univ. Calif. Pub. Bet. 4: 227. 1912. 



Plants 2-14 cm. high, sparsely short-villous, especially on the calyx-lobes, to glabrate. Leaf- 

 blades linear-oblong to oblanceolate or occasionally oval, 1.5-5.5 cm. long, 0.5-1.5 cm. broad, 

 tapering into a slender petiole, entire ; peduncles usually solitary or few, usually 2-5 (1-10) cm. 

 long spreading or erect; calyx-lobes linear-oblong to ovate, often unequal, 3-9 mm. long, 

 corolla pelviform to rotate, 0.5-1.5 cm. long, 1-3 cm. broad, densely long-hairy within, the 

 lobes oblong-oval to orbicular, 3-10 mm. long; anthers oblong-oval, 1-2 mm. long; capsule 

 ovoid, 5-9 mm. long; seeds 1-1.5 mm. long. 



Wet and sometimes saline soil, Arid Transition and Boreal Zones; eastern Washington and Oregon to north- 

 ern California, occasional in the Sierra Nevada; east to Idaho, Nevada, and Arizona. Type locality: Vallies Ot 

 the Rocky Mountains, between Kettle Falls and Spokan." April-June. 



2 Hesperochiron californicus (Benth.) S. Wats. California Hesperochiron. 



Fig. 4157. 



Ourisia californica Benth. PI. Hartw. 327. 1849. 



Hesperochiron californicus S. Wats. Bot. King Expl. 281. pi. 30. 1871. 



Hesperochiron latifolius Kell. Proc. Calif. Acad. 5: 44. 1873. 



Capnorea Watsoniana Greene, Pittonia 5: 44. 1902. 



Capnorea strigosa Greene, op. cit. 45. 



Capnorea Icporina Greene, op. cit. 45. 



Capnorea lasiantha Greene, op. cit. 47. 



Capnorea macilenta Greene, op. cit. 48. 



Capnorea incana Greene, op. cit. 49. 



Hesperochiron californicus var. Benthamianus Brand, Univ. Calif. Pub. Bot. 4: 226. 1912. 



Plants 2-10 cm. high, more or less short-villous throughout, at least toward the margins of 

 the leaves and calyx-lobes. Leaf-blades narrowly oblong to oval, 1-5 cm. long, 0.5-2 cm. 

 broad, tapering into a slender petiole, entire or inconspicuously repand; peduncles usually nu- 

 merous, usually 2-4 (1-10) cm. long, spreading; calyx-lobes linear-oblong to ovate, often un- 

 equal, 2-8 mm. long; corolla sometimes irregular, funnelform to narrowly campanulate, often 

 somewhat salverform, 1-2.5 cm. long, 1-2 cm. broad, sparsely short-villous to glabrate within, 

 the lobes oblong to broadly oval, 2-8 mm. long ; anthers oval, up to 1 mm. long ; capsule ovoid 

 or ovoid-oblong, 5-10 mm. long; seeds about 2 mm. long. 



Wet and often alkaline or saline soil. Arid Transition and Boreal Zones; eastern Washington and Oregon 

 through the Sierra Nevada to Lower California; east to Montana and Utah. Type locality: "in montibus Sacra- 

 mento." April-June. 



14. TRICARDIA Torr. ex S. Wats. Bot. King Expl. 258. 1871. 



Low, perennial herbs from a stout taproot. Leaves chiefly in a basal rosette, petiolate, 

 the cauline alternate, sessile or nearly so, all entire. Flowers rather few in loose, raceme- 

 like, terminal cymes, pedicellate. Calyx divided nearly to the base, the lobes very unequal : 

 the 3 outer, cordate, becoming conspicuously enlarged, venose, and scarious in fruit ; the 

 2 inner, linear. Corolla purplish, deciduous, broadly campanulate but slightly narrowed 

 at the throat, shallowly lobed, mostly shorter than the calyx. Stamens included, unequal 

 but equally inserted on the lower part of the corolla-tube; appendages linear, free from 

 the stamens. Style included, 2-cleft. Mature capsule unilocular, oblong, acute, the walls 

 scarious in fruit. Ovules about 4 to each of the two linear placentae, pendulous. Seeds 

 4-8, oblong, dark brown, minutely alveolate. 



A single species of the desert region of the southwestern United States, Tricardia IVatsonii Torr. [Name 

 Greek, meaning three and heart, referring to the outer calyx-lobes.] 



