BORAGE FAMILY 607 



(Amsinckia microcarpa Greene, Erythea 2: 191. 1894; Benthamia microcarpa Druce, Rep. Bot. Exch. Club 

 British Isles 4:299. 1916; Amsinckia dentata Suksd. Werdenda 1:95. 1931; A. ochroteuca Suksd. loc. cit.) 



long ago by Dr. Coulter, probably in the southern part of California, but possibly in Mexico 



7. Amsinckia intermedia Fisch. & Mey. Common Fiddle-neck or Ranchers 



Fireweed. Fig. 4334. 



Amsinckia intermedia Fisch. & Mey. Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 2: 2 and 26. 1836. 



Amsinckia campestris Greene, Man. Bay Reg. 263. 1894. 



Amsinckia valens J. F. Macbride, Contr. Gray Herb. No. 49: 14. 1917. 



Amsinckia intactilis J. F. Macbride, op. cit. 13. 



Amsinckia arvensis Suksd. Werdenda 1 : 32. 1927. 



Stems varying from simple or nearly simple and strictly erect to widely branched, 3-9 dm. 

 high, sparsely bristly otherwise usually glabrous except for a tomentose pubescence near the 

 base of the spikes. Basal and lower cauline leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, the upper lanceo- 

 late to broadly so, usually clasping at base and acute at apex, thinly hirsute on both sides 

 with spreading, often pustulate hairs; spikes short or usually elongated in fruit, usually leafy- 

 bracted at base; calyx-lobes linear-attenuate, about half as long as the corolla, rufous-hispid 

 on the back, densely" white-hirsute on the margins; corolla orange-yellow, 8-10 mm. long, the 

 limb 3-6 mm. wide; nutlets 2.5-3 mm. long, incurved, grayish, narrowly keeled on the back 

 and sharply rugose with the surface between papillate or sometimes muriculate. 



Grassy hills and valleys, becoming a common field and roadside weed, Transition and Sonoran Zones; 

 Washington, on both sides of the Cascades, to Idaho, and south to Arizona, southern California and northern 

 Lower California. Type locality: near Bodega Bay, California. 



An extremely variable species of wide geographic range. Suksdorf (Werdenda 1: 48-113. 1931) in a study 

 of the genus has proposed many new species, a large number of which belong to this complex, but extensive 

 cytogenetic studies are needed before the biological significance of these variations can be determined. In the 

 desert regions strongly pustulate forms which sometimes have been referred to Amstnckta echtnata A. dray 

 suggest hybridization between Amsinckia intermedia and Amsinckia tessellata. 



Amsinckia intermedia var. Eastwoodiae (J. F. Macbride) Jepson & Hoover in Jepson, Fl. Calif. 3: 323. 

 1943. (Amsinckia Eastwoodiae J. F. Macbride, Contr. Gray Herb. No. 49: 14. 1917- A. Douglasiana var. 

 Eastwoodiae I. M. Johnston, Bull. S. Calif. Acad. 17: 66. 1918; A Johnstons Suksd. Werdenda 1 : 68. 1931.) 

 Vegetative characters similar to the typical species, but corolla 15-20 mm. long and deep orange. Sacramento 

 and San Joaquin Valleys, also cismontane southern California. Type locality: "near Pollasky [Fnant], Fresno 

 Co.," California. 



8. Amsinckia retrorsa Suksd. Rigid Fiddle-neck or Harvest Fireweed. Fig. 4335. 



Amsinckia retrorsa Suksd. Deutsch. Bot. Monatss. 18: 134. 1900. 

 Amsinckia parviflora Heller, Muhlenbergia 2: 313. 1907. Not Bernh. 1833. 

 Amsinckia Hclleri Brand, Rep. Spec. Nov. 25: 212. 1928. 



Stems strictly erect, 3-8 dm. high, usually simple below the inflorescence, bristly-hirsute and 

 often more or less cinereous with fine appressed pubescence. Leaves linear or the upper linear- 

 lanceolate, hirsute on both sides with ascending or appressed hairs; inflorescence of 1 or few, 

 strict, erect or ascending racemes, bractless; calyx-lobes 5, distinct, 7-13 mm. long, linear or 

 linear-lanceolate ; corolla light yellow, 5-7 mm. long, the tube included or only slightly exserted 

 beyond the calyx-lobes; style 2.5-3 mm. long; nutlets 2-3 mm. long, broadly ovoid, densely 

 tuberculate all over, with scattering larger tubercles intermixed, the latter on central and lateral 

 ridges when these are present. 



Moist slopes and fields, Arid Transition and Upper Sonoran Zones; Washington, mainly east of the Cascades, 

 south to southern California, east to Idaho and Nevada. Type locality: near Bmgen, Klickitat County, Wash- 

 ington. April-Aug. 



9. Amsinckia micrantha Suksd. Small-flowered Fiddle-neck. Fig. 4336. 



Amsinckia micrantha Suksd. Deutsch. Bot. Monatss. 18: 134. 1900. 



Stem simple below or sometimes branching from the base, slender and often decumbent, 3-6 

 dm. long, sparsely bristly-hirsute, with little or no finer pubescence. Leaves broadly linear or 

 oblong, the upper sometimes lanceolate, 4-10 cm. long, thinly hirsute with mostly straight, as- 

 cending, but not appressed, pustulate hairs; spikes becoming lax and elongated, bractless or 

 sometimes with 1 or few bracts near the base; calyx 6-8 mm. long in fruit, lobes lanceolate, 

 thinly bristly and with few or no whitish hairs on the margins; corolla pale yellow, 4-5 mm. 

 long, tube included or slightly surpassing the calyx, lobes minute; nutlets triangular, 2.5-3 mm. 

 long, with a narrow, toothed, dorsal ridge and similar lateral ones, the intervals between 

 finely tuberculate. 



Grasslands, Upper Sonoran and Transition Zones; mainly east of the Cascades from British Columbia and 

 Idaho south to the Willamette Valley and eastern Oregon. Type locality : near Bingen, Klickitat County, Wash- 

 ington. May-Aug. 



10. Amsinckia lycopsoides Lehm. Bugloss Fiddle-neck. Fig. 4337. 



Amsinckia lycopsoides Lehm. Del. Sem. Hort. Hamb. 7. 1831. 

 Amsinckia arcnaria Suksd. Deutsch. Bot. Monatss. 18: 133. 1900. 

 Amsinckia simplex Suksd. Werdenda 1: 33. 1927. 

 Amsinckia Howellii Brand, Rep. Spec. Nov. 25: 213. 1928. 

 Amsinckia glomerata Suksd. Werdenda 1: 52. 1931. 



Stems erect to procumbent with long spreading branches, 3-10 dm. long, bristly-hirsute with 



