FIGWORT FAMILY 763 



68. Penstemon parvulus (A. Gray) Krautter. Small Azure Penstemon. 



Fig. 4705. 



Penstemon asureus var. parvulus A. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2^: 272. 1878. 

 Penstemon parvulus Krautter, Contr. Bot. Lab. Univ. Penn. 3: 193. 1908. 

 Penstemon Jeffreyanus var. parvulus Jepson, Man. Fl. PI. Calif. 917. 1925. 

 Penstemon azureus subsp. parvulus Keck, Univ. Calif. Pub. Bot. 16: 406. 1932. 



Resembling P. azureus in general aspect, the stems woody at base and often creeping, 

 2-3.5 dm. high, the herbage blue-glaucous and glabrous throughout. Basal leaves narrowly 

 to broadly oblanceolate or spatulate, petiolate, 1-3.5 cm. long, 2-5 (-8) mm. wide, the cauline 

 lanceolate to oblong or narrowly ovate, semiamplexicaul, up to 10 mm. wide; calyx-lobes 

 lanceolate to oblong, elliptic or oval, obtuse or acute, often mucronate or acuminate; corolla 

 14-20 mm. long; anthers 1.4-1.8 mm. long; otherwise as in P. azureus. n = 16. 



Rocky slopes, Canadian Zone; Siskiyou Mountains of southwestern Oregon to the Scott Mountains, Trinity 

 County, California, reappearing in the high Sierra Nevada of Fresno and Tulare Counties, California. Type 

 locality: mountains above Jackson Lake, California. June-Aug. 



69. Penstemon heterophyllus Lindl. Foothill Penstemon. Fig. 4706. 



Penstemon heterophyllus Und\. Bot. Rtg. 22: pi. 1899. 1836. 

 Penstemon leucanthus Greene, Pittonia 1 : 72. 1887. 



Shrub 3-5 dm. high, glabrous throughout or occasionally minutely puberulent at base of 

 stems, green or glaucous. Leaves linear, tapering to base and apex, usually fasciculate, 2-3 (-5) 

 cm. long, 2^ mm. wide ; thyrsus strict, subracemose, glabrous ; calyx 4-6 mm. high, the lobes 

 mostly oblanceolate to obovate with abruptly acuminate or subulate tip, glabrous ; corolla rose- 

 violet, with blue or lilac lobes, the buds yellowish, 25-35 mm. long, 9-12 mm. wide pressed, 

 gaping, glabrous ; anthers sagittate, arcuate, about 2 . 5 mm. long, about two-thirds as wide, 

 usually hirsute at sinus, the sacs dehiscent three-fourths to four-fifths their length, the suture 

 margin conspicuously spinose ; staminode moderately dilated at the glabrous tip. n = 8, 16. 



Dry hillsides, Upper Sonoran and Transition Zones; Coast Ranges of California from Humboldt County 

 to San Diego County. Type locality: California. April-July. 



Penstemon heterophyllus subsp. Purdyi Keck, Univ. Calif. Pub. Bot. 16: 409. 1932. (Penstemon 

 heterophyllus var. Purdyi McMinn, 111. Man. Calif. Shrubs 518. 1939.) Shrub 2.5-7 dm. high, puberulent 

 throughout; leaves larger, 2. 5-6 (-9) cm. long, 3-6 (-9) mm. wide, rarely fasciculate; calyx-lobes lanceolate or 

 ovate, acute or acuminate, glabrous, or sometimes puberulent. Rare in the Sierran foothills of California from 

 Butte County to Placer County; common in the North Coast Ranges from Trinity and Humboldt Counties to 

 San Benito County. Type locality: Mount Hamilton. 



Penstemon heterophyllus subsp. australis (Munz & Jtn.) Keck, Univ. Calif. Pub. Bot. 16:411. 1932. 

 (Penstemon heterophyllus var. australis Munz & Jtn. Bull. S. Calif. Acad. 23:40. 1924.) Puberulent almost 

 throughout, usually densely so; leaves narrow, fasciculate, more crowded toward base of stems; calyx-lobes 

 lanceolate to narrowly ovate, usually puberulent. Chaparral belt from Monterey County to San Diego County. 

 Type locality: Claremont. 



70. Penstemon Purpusii Brandg. Purpus' Penstemon. Fig. 4707. 



Penstemon Purpusii Brand. Bot. Gaz. 27 : 455. 1899. 



Plant 1-2 dm. high from a woody crown, the older stems spreading and rooting, the newer 

 shoots decumbent or ascending, up to 3 dm. long, the herbage densely canescent except for 

 the glandular-pubescent inflorescence. Leaves mostly entire but some shallowly dentate, the 

 lower oval to rotund with petiole half as long as blade, the upper oval, oblanceolate or lanceolate, 

 all 1-2 cm. long; thyrsus crowded, short; calyx 5-10 mm. high, the lobes linear-lanceolate to 

 broadly oval, attenuate to obtuse; corolla (and buds) violet shading to blue, 20-30 mm. long, 

 5-8 mm. wide pressed, the ample throat slightly constricted at orifice, the lips scarcely spreading, 

 glabrous within; anthers sagittate, arcuate, 2.5-2.8 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, hirsute at sinus, 

 the sacs dehiscent three-fourths their length, the suture margin densely spinose; staminode 

 glabrous, apically dilated. 



Rocky ridges. Transition and Canadian Zones; North Coast Range peaks of California from Humboldt and 

 Trinity Counties to Lake County. Type locality: Snow Mountain, Lake County. June-Aug. 



71. Penstemon serrulatus Menz. Cascade Penstemon. Fig. 4708. 



Penstemon serrulatus Menz. ex Smith in Rees, Cycl. 26: No. 5. 1813. 

 Penstemon diffusus Dougl. ex Lindl. Bot. Reg. 14: pi. 1132. 1828. 



Subshrub 3-7 dm. high, the herbage often glabrous below, usually puberulent above, par- 

 ticularly on stems and within inflorescence. Leaves subentire to irregularly serrate, dentate, 

 or shallowly laciniate, 2-9 cm. long, 6-45 mm. wide, the basal broadly lanceolate, elliptic, or 

 spatulate, short-petiolate, the upper cauline broadly lanceolate to cordate ; thyrsus narrow, of 1-5 

 dense clusters, their peduncles erect; calyx 6-11 mm. high, the lobes linear-lanceolate to ovate, 

 u.sually ciliolate, the wider ones often laciniate; corolla deep blue to dark purple, 16-23 mm. 

 long, 6-9 mm. wide pressed, tubular-campanulate, often sparsely pubescent at base of lower 

 lip; anthers broader than long, 1.3-1.6 mm. long, scabro-hispidulous at sinus, the sacs dehiscent 

 less than half their length, the suture margin sparsely spinulose; staminode yellow-bearded. 

 n = S. 



Moist woods. Humid Transition Zone; mostly west of the crest of the Cascade Mountains from southern 

 Alaska to northwestern Oregon. Type locality: "N.W. Coast of America," Menzies. June-Aug. 



