628 MENTHACEAE 



1. Prunella vulgaris subsp. lanceolata (Barton) Hulten. Heal-all or Self-heal. 



Fig. 4384. 



Prunella pennsylvanica P lanceolata Barton, Fl. Phil. 2: 37. 1818. 

 Prunella vulgaris P major Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 114. 1840. 

 Prunella vulgaris var. lanceolata Fernald, Rhodora 15: 183. 1913. 

 Prunella vulgaris subsp. lanceolata Hulten, Fl. Aleut. Isl. 286. 1937. 



Stems erect or decumbent at base, usually simple, 1-6 dm. high, glabrous or commonly pilose 

 especially above. Leaves ovate-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, often 3-5 cm. long, acute or 

 acutish or sometimes rounded at apex, narrowed to a short or elongated petiole, entire or irregu- 

 larly and remotely toothed ; spikes terminal, 2-5 cm. long ; bracts orbicular or broadly ovate, 

 cuspidate, more or less ciliate, green or often tinged with purple ; calyx about half as long as 

 the corolla, the teeth often ciliate ; corolla 10-20 mm. long, violet or rarely white. 



Open woods, Boreal and Transition Zones; widely distributed over North America and variable in habit and 

 size of flower. Several color forms and varieties have been proposed. In the Pacific States it ranges from 

 Washington to the mountains of southern California and northern Lower California. 



Prunella vulgaris L. Sp. PI. 600. 1753. Stems creeping forming mats, leaves smaller, mostly obtuse at 

 apex, and usually rounded at base; flowers 3-10 mm. long. The typical species, native of Europe, is a frequent 

 weed' in lawns, especially in western Washington, Oregon, and central California. 



11. DRACOCEPHALUM [Tourn.] L. Sp. PI. 594. 1753. 



Glabrous or puberulent herbs with erect stems and toothed or entire leaves. Flowers 

 rather conspicuous, in terminal bracted spikes or spikelike racemes. Calyx campanulate 

 or oblong, swollen in fruit, membranous, 10-nerved, equally 5-toothed. Corolla well- 

 exceeding the calyx, purple, pink or white, 2-lipped; upper lip rounded, entire or nearly 

 so, concave; lower lip spreading, 3-lobed, the middle lobe emarginate; tube gradually 

 enlarged upward. Stamens 4, didynamous, ascending under the upper lip, the lower pair 

 the longer ; filaments pubescent ; anther-sacs 2, nearly parallel. Ovary 4-parted. Nutlets 

 ovoid-triquetrous, smooth. [Name Greek, meaning dragon-head.] 



A genus of about 7 species, natives of North America. Type species, Dracocephalum virginianum L. 



1. Dracocephalum Nuttallii Britt. Purple or Western Dragon Head. Fig. 4385. 



Physostegia parviflora Nutt. ex Benth. in A. DC. Prod. 12: 434, as a synonym. 1848; A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 



8: 371. 1872. Not Dracocephalum parviftorum Nutt. 

 Dracocephalum Nuttallii Britt. 111. Fl. ed. 2. 3: 117. 1913. 



Stem erect, 3-10 dm. high, usually simple and rather short, glabrous. Leaves 4-10 cm. long, 

 lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, sharply serrate or dentate, narrowed below to a sessile 

 base on the lowest petiole; spikes several to many- flowered, 2-10 cm. long; bracts shorter than 

 the calyx, ovate to broadly lanceolate ; calyx campanulate, 4-5 mm. long, teeth barely over 1 mm. 

 long; corolla purple, 10-14 mm. long. 



In moist soil, mainly Transition Zones; British Columbia to Sauvies Island, Oregon, east to Saskatchewan, 

 also to Idaho, Montana, Wisconsin, and Nebraska. Type locality: "Oregon." Collected by Nuttall. 



Leonotis Leoniirus (L.) R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. 3:410. 1811. (Phlomis Leonurus L. Sp. PI. 587. 

 1753 ) Lion's Ear Suffrutescent, 1-2 m. high. Leaves lanceolate, 4-6 cm. long, coarsely serrate; flowers in 

 dense axillary whorls; calyx funnelform, the tube arched, teeth 5, subequal, awn-pointed; corolla orange-colored, 

 3.5-4 cm. long, enlarged in the throat, densely pilose without; upper lip much longer than the lower. An 

 occasional escape from gardens in California. June-Sept. 



Phlomis fruticosa L. Sp. PI. 584. 1753. Jerusalem Sage. Shrub 6-15 dm. high, divaricately branched, 

 yellowish-tomentose. Leaves ovate to oblong, pale green and stellate-pubescent ab»ve, white-tomentose and ru- 

 gose beneath; flowers in 1 or 2 verticils at the ends of the branches; calyx-tube IS mm. long, its teeth short, cuspi- 

 date; corolla yellow, about 25 mm. long, densely stellate-pubescent, upper lip strongly arched, the lower spread- 

 ing. Occasionally escaped from cultivation in central and southern California. 



12. lAMIUM [Tourn.] L. Sp. PI. 579. 1753. 



Annual or perennial herbs, with toothed or incised cordate leaves, and small flowers 

 verticillate in axillary and terminal clusters. Calyx tubular-campanulate, usually 5-nerved, 

 5-toothed, the teeth sharp-pointed, equal or the upper longer. Corolla-tube dilated above, 

 usually longer than the calyx, the limb 2-lipped; upper lip concave, erect, usually entire; 

 lower lip spreading, 3-lobed, the middle lobe emarginate and contracted at base, the lateral 

 lobes often with a lateral appendage. Stamens 4, didynamous, anterior pair the longer ; 

 anthers 2-celled, the sacs divaricate often hirsute on the back. Style 2-cleft at apex; ovary 

 4-parted. Nutlets smooth or tuberculate. [Name Greek, meaning throat, from the ringent 

 corolla.] 



An Old World genus of about 40 species. Type species, Lamium purpureum L. 



Upper leaves sessile or clasping. 1- •^- amplextcaule. 



Leaves all petioled. 



Corolla not over 15 mm. long; plants annual; upper leaves purple-tinged, not blotched. 



2. L. purpureum. 



Corolla 20-25 mm. long; plants perennial; leaves usually with an elongated whitish blotch. 



3. L. maculatum. 



