634 MENTHACEAE 



Nuttallii var. leptostachya Benth. PI. Hartw. 331. 1849; S. viariim Heller, Muhlenbergia 2: 316. 1907; S. 

 gracilenta Heller, op. cit. 319; S. querectorutn Heller, op. cit. 318.) Stems more or less decumbent, rarely erect, 

 4-6 dm. high, more or less hirsute, simple or usually branched. Leaves ovate or somewhat deltoid, 3—7 cm. 

 long or rarely longer, cordate at base, obtusish to rounded at apex, prominently crenate or crenate-dentate, thinly 

 pubescent above with upwardly appressed hairs, densely so below with hairs appressed in all directions; lower 

 petioles 2.5-4 cm. long; bracts ovate, rounded at apex; calyx campanulate, densely pubescent, the teeth spreading 

 at apex, triangular-lanceolate, prominently mucronate; corolla pinkish or white, mottled with rose-purple, the 

 tube usually exserted 3-4 mm.; upper lip 3-4 mm. long; stamens included in the upper lip, their filaments densely 

 woolly on the lower half; hairy ring within very oblique, its lower extremity marked without by a short saccate 

 spur. Open roads and banks, mainly Upper Sonoran Zone; scatteringly distributed as far north as Douglas 

 County, Oregon, but main distribution is from Mendocino, Sonoma and Butte Counties, California, to northern 

 Lower California. In the Coast Ranges of northern California are forms intermediate between this and the 

 typical species, and these intermediate forms are also found in the San Bernardino and Cuyamaca Mountains, 

 southern California. Type locality: above Crystal Springs, on the Half Moon Bay road, San Mateo County, 

 California. 



Stachys rigida subsp. rivularis (Heller) Epling, Rep. Spec. Nov. Beihefte 80: 60. 1934. {Stachys Prat- 

 tenii Durand, Journ. Acad. Phila. II. 3: 100. 1855; 5'. littoralis Greene, Pittonia 3: 341. 1898; 5. striata Greene, 

 loc. cit.; S. ingrata Greene, loc. cit.; S. rivularis Heller, Muhlenbergia 1: 33. 1904; S. veronicaefolia Davy ex 

 Jepson, Man. Fl. PI. Calif. 878. 1925.) Stems mostly slender, strictly erect, simple or with a few erect or ascend- 

 ing branches, villous-hirsute and somewhat glandular. Leaves narrowly oblong to broadly oblong or rarely oblong- 

 oval, 2.5-5 cm. long, rounded to subcordate at base, obtuse or more commonly rounded at apex, crenate-serrate, 

 about evenly and rather thinly villous-hirsute, lower petioles mostly less than 2.5 cm. long; calyx-teeth about 

 half the length of the tube, rarely if ever recurved. Moist places, along mountain streams and in swamps. Tran- 

 sition and Canadian Zones; Jackson and Klamath Counties, Oregon, south in the Sierra Nevada to Tuolumne 

 County, California, and Washoe County, Nevada. Type locality: "Truckee river, one mile above Truckee," 

 California. July-Sept. 



Stachys rigida subsp. lanata Epling, Madrono 4: 270. 1938. Stems rather strict, mostly simple or few- 

 branched above, 25-30 cm. high, densely and somewhat retrorsely hirsutulous. Leaves oblong to lanceolate, sub- 

 cordate at base, 3.5-7 cm. long, silvery with a dense appressed silky pubescence; lower petioles 3-10 mm. long; 

 spikes rather congested; calyx-lobes little or not at all recurved. Siskiyou Mountains, Del Norte County, Cali- 

 fornia. Type locality: "Bear Basin near Gasquet," California. 



9. Stachys pycnantha Benth. Short-spiked Hedge Nettle. Fig. 4397. 



Stachys pycnantha Benth. PI. Hartw. 331. 1849. 



Perennial, simple or often branched at base and above, strongly scented, stems erect, 3-10 dm. 

 high, soft-villous, with spreading hairs and glandular-puberulent. Leaves ovate to oblong-lanceo- 

 late, 5-13 cm. long, crenate-serrate, subcordate to rounded at base, obtusish or rounded at apex, 

 soft-villous on both surfaces with intermixed sessile glands, the lower long-petioled, the upper- 

 most short-petioled or subsessile ; spikes densely flowered, subcapitate, 4-5 cm. long, rarely 

 slightly interrupted below ; calyx densely villous, campanulate, 6-7 mm. long, the teeth narrowly 

 deltoid, a little shorter than the tube, cuspidate ; corolla white with purple veins, upper lip 4 mm., 

 the lower 6 mm. long, tube barely equaling the calyx, the ring of hairs within just below the 

 center very oblique and marked by distinct spur ; filaments purple, glabrous. 



Wet places. Upper Sonoran Zone; Marin and Contra Costa Counties, south to San Benito and San Luis 

 Obispo Counties, California. Type locality: "In umbrosis montium Carmel," California. June-Get. 



10. Stachys ajugoides Benth. Bugle Hedge Nettle. Fig. 4398. 



Stachys ajugoides Benth. Linnaea 6: 80. 1831. 



Perennial, stem simple and erect, or more or less branched at base and decumbent, 10-60 cm. 

 long, densely to thinly villous, and more or less glandular. Leaves mostly oblong, rounded at apex 

 and narrowed at base, or the upper rarely acutish at apex, densely villous-hirsute more or less 

 on both surfaces, crenate to crenate-serrate, the lower with petioles often as long as the blades, 

 the upper subsessile ; spikes distinctly bracted, approximate or becoming interrupted and 8-20 cm. 

 long; verticils 6-flowered; calyx 6-8 mm. long, densely villous, the teeth lanceolate or ovate- 

 deltoid, cuspidate; corolla white, pale rose or white with purple veins, 10-15 mm. long; tube 

 7-9 mm. long, with hairy ring just below the middle of the tube marked externally by a small 

 sac at base ; upper lip 4-6 mm., lower 5-7 mm. long ; filaments pubescent toward the base. 



Low, moist ground. Upper Sonoran and Transition Zones; California Coast Ranges from Sonoma and 

 Glenn Counties to Los Angeles County, California. Type locality: probably near San Francisco, California. Col- 

 lected by Chamisso. May-Oct. 



11. Stachys albens A. Gray. White Hedge Nettle. Fig. 4399. 



Stachys albens A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 7: 387. 1868. 



Stachys velutina Greene, Erythea 2: 121. 1894. 



Stachys lanuginosa Greene, Pittonia 3: 342. 1898. 



Stachys malacophylla Greene, op. cit. 343. 



Stachys ajugoides var. velutina Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Calif. 457. 1901. 



Stachys albens var. juliensis Jepson, Man. Fl. PI. Calif. 877. 1925. 



Perennial with stout erect stems, 3 dm.-2 m. high, usually branched, more or less densely 

 white-woolly. Leaves 3-12 cm. long, narrowly to broadly ovate or rarely lanceolate-ovate, acute 

 or obtusish at apex and usually cordate or subcordate at base, rarely oblong or oblong-ovate and 

 obtuse at base, silky-villous above, villous-tomentose beneath, crenate-serrate ; spikes becoming 

 interrupted in age, 8-20 cm. long, densely villous-tomentose ; bracts often longer than the calyx, 

 spreading ; calyx 7 mm. long, slightly bilabiate, densely villous-tomentose, teeth triangular to 

 lanceolate, about 3 mm. long, cuspidate ; corolla white or pale rose with purple veins, upper lip 

 6 min. long, the lower 6-8 mm. long, tube barely equaling the calyx, about 6 mm. long with a 

 small sac below the middle at the lower edge of the very oblique hairy ring ; filaments tomentose. 



Moist stream banks or swamps. Upper Sonoran and Transition Zones; mostly in the interior foothills. Lake 

 and Tuolumne Counties to Los Angeles and San Bernardino Counties, also White Mountains, Inyo County, Cali- 

 fornia. Type locality: near Fort Tejon, Tehachapi Mountains. May-Oct. 



