682 SOLANACEAE 



lobes slightly longer than the tube; corolla 2.5-3.5 cm. in diameter, white with a star of purple 

 extending outward toward the tips of the lobes, pubescent inside and outside; berry to 4 cm. 

 in diameter, yellowish, smooth and shining ; seeds orbicular-lenticular, 3 mm. in diameter, 

 minutely papillose-granular. 



Escaped from gardens and sparingly established in San Francisco and near Monterey, California. Native 

 of Africa. Type locality : Abyssinia. May-Aug. 



Solanum lanceolatum Cav. Ic. 3: 23. pi. 245. 1794. A shrub 1-2.5 m. tall with stellate-tomentose stems 

 armed with stoutish, short prickles or sometimes unarmed. Leaves oblong, elliptic-lanceolate or oblanceolate, 

 8-18 cm. long, the upper ones entire, the lower irregularly lobed below the middle, densely stellate-tomentose 

 beneath, the upper surface becoming green in age; cymes many-flov/ered, somewhat paniculate; corollas pale 

 blue or purplish blue, 12-15 mm. in diameter, berry orange-yellow. Reported to be established as a troublesome 

 weed in parts of southern California. Type locality: Mexico. 



18. Solanum carolinense L. Carolina Horse Nettle. Fig. 4506. 



Solanum carolinense L. Sp. PI. 187. 1753. 



A green, rhizomatous, finely stellate-pubescent, erect plant 3-12 dm. tall, armed with slen- 

 der, rigid, yellowish spines 2-5 mm. long on the stems, petioles, midribs and sometimes the main 

 lateral veins of the leaves. Leaves ovate to oblong, repand, lobed, or rarely pinnatifid, 2-7 cm. 

 wide, 3.5-15 cm. long, the lobes obtuse, or less conmionly acute, both surfaces stellate-pubescent 

 with yellowish hairs ; petioles 3-20 mm. long ; flowers cymose-racemose, surpassing the leaves 

 and at anthesis appearing terminal, in fruit obviously lateral; pedicels 5-15 mm. long; calyx- 

 lobes lanceolate-acuminate, 5-7 mm. long, lightly spinose near the base; corolla 2-3.5 cm. in 

 diameter, the lobes ovate-lanceolate, 6-7 mm. long, stellate-puberulent without, glabrous or 

 sparsely stellate-puberulent within, white or pale bluish ; anthers somewhat unequal, 5-9 mm. 

 long ; berries globose or slightly depressed, 9-20 mm. in diameter, orange-yellow, smooth and 

 glabrous; seeds bright yellow, obovoid-lenticular, about 2.5 mm. long, minutely and shallowly 

 reticulate-pitted, glossy. 



A weed in fields and waysides, Ontario to Connecticut, Florida and Texas, established as a weed in scat- 

 tered localities in Oregon, Idaho, California, and Arizona. Type locality: Carolina. May-Aug. 



Lycopirsicon cicuUntum Mill. Card. Diet. ed. 8. no 2. 1768. The cultivated tomato with viscid-pubescent 

 stems and foliage, pinnately divided leaves and toothed or lobed segments, yellow flowers and large, red, glabrous 

 fruit, has escaped from cultivation and occurs occasionally as a spontaneous plant throughout much of the 

 United States and Mexico. When growing wild the fruits are often much reduced in size. 



8. DATURA L. Sp. PI. 179. 1753. 



Coarse, erect or ascendingly branched, rank-smelling herbs (in ours) with alternate, 

 short-petioled, entire, sinuate or lobed blades. Flowers large and showy, solitary in forks 

 of branches, short-pedunculate, ours white or purple-tinged, heavily fragrant. Calyx 

 cylindric or prismatic, 5-toothed, usually circumscissile near the base, the lower part 

 persistent below the capsule as a spreading or reflexed collar. Corolla funnel form, con- 

 voltite-pHcate in bud. Stamens included; filaments filiform. Stigma bilobed. Capsule 

 ovoid to globose, spinose, 4-valved apically or dehiscing irregularly, falsely 4-celled. 

 [Name from the Hindu, dhatura.'] 



A genus of about 25 species, widely distributed in the tropical and temperate parts of all continents. Type 

 species, Datura Stratnonium L. 



Calyx tubular; corolla 15-20 cm. long; seeds light brown or buff when mature, smooth on the sides, with a cord- 

 like margin; perennial. 1. D. meteloides. 



Calyx prismatic; corolla 6-12 cm. long; seeds dark brown to black, verrucose and pitted on the sides, the margin 

 rounded, not cord-like; annual. 



Capsule erect, ovoid, r'lberiilent to glabrate; stems green or purplish, glabrous or sparsely puberulent, not 

 cinereous; corolla 6-8 cm. long. 



Calyx-teeth unequal, 5-10 mm. long; spines on capsule 3-10 mm. long, not greatly broadened at the 



base; capsule 4-valved. 2. D. Stramonium. 



Calyx-teeth nearly equal, 3—4 mm. long; spines on capsule 8-22 mm. long, 4—10 mm. broad at the base; 

 capsule 2-valved or splitting irregularly. 3. D. ferox. 



Capsule nodding, globose, densely glandular-pubescent; stems densely puberulent, cinereous. 



4. D. discolor. 



1. Datura meteloides A. DC. Tolguacha. Fig. 4507. 



Datura meteloides A. DC. Prod. I3»: 544. 1852. 



Erect, widely branching perennial 5-15 dm. tall, with cinereous-puberulent herbage. Leaves 

 ovate, 4-15 cm. long, entire to sinuately and irregularly repand, asymmetric at the base, petioles 

 shorter than to nearly equaling the blade; calyx 7-10 cm. long, 5-toothed, the basal persistent 

 part usually rotate, sometimes reflexed ; corolla white, suffused with violet or lavender, 

 15-20 cm. long, the limb 10-20 cm. wide, bearing 5 slender teeth about 1 cm. long; anthers 

 white, 1.5 cm. long; capsule globose, 3-4 cm. in diameter, densely prickly and puberulent, often 

 glabrate, when rnature, rupturing irregularly, the spines 5-12 mm. long; seeds cream or buff to 

 light brown, ovoid-reniform, flattened, about 5 mm. long, smooth on the sides, the margin cord- 

 like. 



Sandy flats, fields, and dry hills, Sonoran Zones; lower Sacramento Valley, Inyo Countv, and southern Coast 

 Ranges, California, to Texas and southward through Mexico to northern South America. Type locality: Mexico. 

 April-Oct. 



