FIGWORT FAMILY 687 



Leaves alternate or scattered (sometimes opposite near base) ; corolla wider, yellow, 

 purple, or violet-blue; stem herbaceous. 

 Corolla gibbous at base anteriorly, the pouch or spur not longer than wide; 



stems twining or pendent. 14. Asarina. 



Corolla spurred at base anteriorly, the spur longer than wide. 



Capsule dehiscing by irregular distal ruptures; upper lobes of corolla 

 arched; anthers glabrous, all distinct; plants glabrous. 

 Leaf-blades linear, pinnately veined, not petioled; flowers in terminal 

 racemes, the bracts shorter than foliage-leaves and pedicels 

 shorter than corollas; plants erect. 15. Linaria. 



Leaf-blades cordate-reniform, palmately veined, petioled; flowers axil- 

 lary, the bracts normal foliage-leaves and pedicels much longer 

 than corollas; plants extensively twining. 



16. Cymbalarta. 



Capsule dehiscing by the falling as a lid of most of the external wall of 

 each cell; upper corrolla-lobes projecting; anthers coherent, ciliate 

 with stiff hairs; plants hirsute, the stems prostrate. 



17. Kickxta. 



Antheriferous stamens 2, the antero-lateral pair; corolla yellow or yellowish, gibbous at 

 base; seeds cyathiform, the margins striate and strongly incurved. 



18. Mohavea. 



Capsule asymmetrical, the base of the slightly larger anterior cell wholly in front of the 

 pedicel, the posterior cell dehiscing by a single distal pore, the anterior by two pores 

 or these becoming confluent, the capsule-apex decurved and the style deflexed; corolla 

 gibbous at base. 19. Anttrrhmum. 



Corolla with the lower lobes external, overlapping in the bud. 



Upper lobes of corolla flattened or widely arched, often spreading; anthers all distinct. 



Stigmas distinct, plate-like; stamens 4; anther-cells divaricate; capsule woody, at least primarily septi- 



cidal. (Digitaleae) 20. Dtgxtahs. 



Stigmas wholly united, punctiform or capitate; stamens 2; anther-cells parallel; capsule not woody, 

 loculicidal. {Veroniceae) 

 Stem elongating and leafy, the leaf-blades from entire to dentate, skort-petioled to sessile; corolla 



nearly rotate, violet-blue to white. 21. Verontca. 



Stem scapose, erect with bract-like leaves; true foliage leaves all radical, cordate-reniform to pin- 

 natifid. 

 Corolla well-developed, blue or violet-blue; filaments inconspicuously colored; scapes with few 



bract-like leaves below inflorescence. 22. Synthyrts. 



Corolla (in ours) rudimentary or wanting, and filaments dark red; scapes with many bract- 

 like leaves below inflorescence. 23. Besseya. 

 Upper lobes of corolla narrowly arched, forming a definite galea that encloses the anthers; anthers frequently 

 cohering; capsule loculicidal. CEuphrasteae) 

 Cells of anther equal in size and position; seed-coat close, not obviously reticular. 

 Capsule symmetrical, both cells dehiscing equally. 



Seeds turgid, yellow, longer than wide, not winged; corolla with upper lip unappendaged and 

 lower lip spreading. 

 Corolla yellow; capsule much longer than wide; calyx-lobes alike, lanceolate, little shorter 

 than the tube; inflorescence slender, the isolated flowers and fruits subtended by 

 ascending bracts. 24. Parentucelha. 



Corolla white, with pink galea; capsule scarcely longer than wide; calyx-lobes unequal, 

 obtuse, the upper longer, hardly half the length of the tube; inflorescence dense, 

 the crowded flowers and fruits subtended by spreading bracts. 



25. Bellardta. 



Seeds flat, nearly circular, broadly winged; capsule no longer than wide, truncate-circular; 

 corolla yellow, the upper lip appendaged and the lower shorter and more appressed. 



26. Rhinanthus. 



Capsule asymmetrical, usually decurved, opening mainly or wholly on the distal side. 



Corolla yellow, purple, red, or white, the lower lip obliquely attached, glabrous, without palate, 

 and shorter than the arched galea; anthers distinct, glabrous; seeds dull, not stipitate; 

 leaves alternate (in ours) ; root perennial. 27. Pedictilaris. 



Corolla white or pinkish, the lower lip straightly attached, with densely pubescent yellow palate 

 and about equaling the projecting galea; anthers cohering, pubescent; seeds somewhat 

 lustrous, blackish, with clavate-stipitate white base; leaves opposite; root annual. 



28. Melampyrum. 



Cells of anther unequally placed, the upper one attached by its middle, the lower cell normally attached 

 but sometimes smaller or lacking; seed-coat usually loose, evidently reticulate; leaves alternate. 



Calyx-tube surrounding the proximal portion of the corolla, its 4 (or by fusion 2) lobes laterally 

 placed. 

 Lower lip of corolla as long as and larger than the galea; plants annual. 29. Orthocarpus. 

 Lower lip of corolla shorter and smaller than the sharper galea; plants mostly perennial, but a 

 few species annual. 30. Castilleja. 



Calyx-tube surrounding base of corolla or usually wholly to its dorsal side, extending as a narrow 

 tongue-like dorsal structure that is entire or only slightly bidentatc at apex. 



31. Cordylanthus. 



1. LINDERNIA All. Misc. Taurin. 3: 178. 1766. 



Diffuse annual herbs, with opposite denticulate to nearly entire leaves, most or all of 

 which subtend flowers. Bracteoles none. Sepals 5, distinct. Corolla blue-violet, 2-lipped, 

 the upper with short acutish lobes, the lower lip much longer, spreading, within throat with 

 2 hairy yellow ridges. Filaments 4, didynamous, the upper short and antheriferous, the 

 lower forming the hairy ventral ridges of corolla and projecting from apex thereof as 

 sterile knobs, proximal to which rise 2 processes which in our species lack anthers. Stig- 

 mas distinct, lamelliform. Capsule septicidal, the septum persisting as a thin plate. Seeds 



