774 SCROPHULARIACEAE 



ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, sharply simply or somewhat doubly dentate or proximally incised, 

 reaching 9-12 cm. long and 4-6 cm. wide, truncate or slightly cordate to petioles 1-3 cm. long; 

 panicle narrow, reaching 20-50 cm. long by 5-10 cm. wide, the branches ascending-spreading; 

 sepals 3 mm. long, ovate, rounded; corolla 9-14 mm. long, dorsally light maroon, ventrally 

 yellowish green, the lowermost lobe recurving; uppermost filament flabellate, wider than long, 

 yellow-green ; capsule ovoid-conic, 7-8 mm. long. 



Moist thickets and stream banks. Upper Sonoran and Transition Zones; southern British Columbia to 

 northern California, eastward across the northern United States to the Atlantic Ocean. Type locality: Penn- 

 sylvania. May-July. 



11. COLLINSIA Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phila. 1: 190. 1817. 



Erect annual herbs. Leaves opposite, dentate to entire, the upper sessile or clasping. 

 Flowers solitary or fascicled, axillary to the upper sometimes reduced leaves. Sepals 5, 

 united one-sixth to one-half length. Corolla cyanic, its tube sagittally flattened and gibbous 

 at base on upper side, upper lip erect or ascending from an arched base, the lower lip with 

 lateral lobes horizontally projecting, mostly hiding tlie concave lowermost lobe which con- 

 tains the stamens and pistil. Stamens 4, 'included, slightly didynamous, the anther-cells 

 divaricate. Capsule loculicidal, and the few seeds large and wingless. [Named in honor 

 of Zaccheus Collins, an early American botanist.] 



A genus of over 20 species, mostly of the western United States, but with two members in the Mississippi 

 Valley. Type species, Collinsia verna Nutt. 



Pedicels shorter than calvx (or longer in C. multicolor) ; inflorescence puberulent to hirsute, often some hairs 

 gland-tipped; corolla 10-22 mm. long; calyx-lobes obtuse to acute. 

 Antero-lateral lobes of corolla glabrous, the upper corolla-lip not cross-barred; leaf-blades glabrous (except 

 in C. austromontana) ; plants not strongly glandular. 

 Upper over half length of lower corolla-lip, its distal portion erect; capsule 3-5 mm. long; inflorescence 

 moniliform, of 3-8 distinct fascicles; plants simple near base, often branched distally. 

 Corolla purple or violet (or the upper lip whitish), the lobes not strongly veined; calyx-lobes acute 

 to obtuse; inflorescence somewhat glandular-pubescent; leaf-blades acutish to obtuse, dentate 

 with appressed teeth to entire. 

 Lower pedicels shorter than to nearly equaling the length of the calyces; corolla strongly 

 pouched at base, its profile rising vertically; leaf-blades crenate-dentate to nearly entire, 

 truncately rounded at base. 

 Leaf-blades glabrous beneath; upper at least two-thirds length of lower lip of corolla. 



Corolla 12-14 mm. long, its lips both violet, and its basal pouch less inflated; upper 

 pair of filaments, like the lower, unspurred; calyx-lobes obtuse or obtusish; leaf- 

 blades linear-lanceolate, crenate-dentate to nearly entire. 1. C. concolor. 

 Corolla 15-20 mm. long, its upper lip pale or white, the lower purple or violet;purple; 

 upper filaments each basally with a sharp spur that projects upward into the 

 enlarged nectar-pouch; calyx-lobes acute; leaf-blades lanceolate to oblong- 

 lanceolate, crenate-dentate. 2. C. heterophylla. 

 Leaf-blades pubescent beneath; upper one-half to two-thirds the length of lower corolla-lip, 

 the corolla 10-15 mm. long; upper filaments with short basal spurs; calyx-lobes 

 obtuse to acutish. 3. C. austromontana. 

 Lower pedicels becoming much longer than the calyces; corolla 17-20 mm. long, the upper 

 lip white, the lower violet, the tube only slightly pouched at base, its profile rounded; 

 leaf-blades with low teeth, slightly cordate at base. 4. C. multicolor. 

 Corolla white or purplish tinged, the lobes strongly veined; calyx-lobes rounded; inflorescence with 

 gland-tipped or often wholly glandless hairs; leaf-blades rounded, usually crenate-dentate. 



S. C. bartsiaefolia. 



Upper less than half length of lower corolla-lip, its upcurved apex brownish, the tube and upper lip 

 violet, the laterals of the lower lip white, the corolla 15-18 mm. long; capsule 7 mm. long; inflo- 

 rescence head-like, of 1 or 2 fascicles; plants diffusely branched from base. '^i. C. corymbosa. 

 Antero-lateral lobes of corolla hairy, the upper corolla-lip less than half length of lower and with dark violet 

 cross-bar, the corolla 13-17 mm. long, white or yellowish white but distally lined or spotted with purple; 

 leaf-blades pubescent beneath; plants strongly glandular (staining papers). 7. C. tinctoria. 



Pedicels longer than calyx; inflorescence glandular-pubescent to glabrous; corolla 5-19 mm. long. 



Inflorescence not glandular-pubescent or, if rarely glandular, the minute glands scarcely wider than their 

 supporting hairs; calyx-lobes exceeding the capsule; seeds several to a cell (usually 3 or more). 

 Calyx-lobes obtuse or obtusish; corolla 6-9 mm. long; upper filaments somewhat hairy, the lower 

 glabrous. 8. C. Parryt. 



Calyx-lobes acute to attenuate. 



Upper and lower filaments both glabrous; lowermost corolla-lobe externally glabrous, distally long- 

 upcurving; seeds turgid, not winged; calyx-lobes attenuate to somewhat aristate tips; stem 

 grayish-puberulent. 

 Corolla 12-19 mm. long, the antero-lateral lobes obovate-spatulate and about equaling the 

 mid-anterior lobe, the upper lip erect-spreading or somewhat reflexed; stems relatively 

 stout, erect. 9. C. grandiflora. 



Corolla 5-10 mm. long, the antero-lateral lobes oblanceolate to narrowly obovate-spatulate and 

 exceeding the mid-anterior lobe, the upper lip upcurved; stems more slender, laxly 

 ascending. 10. C. parvi flora. 



Upper filaments hairy, the lower glabrous; lowermost corolla-lobe externally bearded or glabrous, 

 distally abruptly upcurved near apex; seeds sharply edged or winged; calyx-lobes lanceo- 

 late, acute; stem grayish-puberulent to usually glabrate. 

 Seeds 2 mm. wide, relatively turgid, narrowly or not winged; capsule 3-4(-5) mm. long; 

 corolla 5-6 mm. long, the lowermost lobe externally glabrous or slightly hairy. 



11. C. solitaria. 



Seeds 3-5 mm. wide, strongly compressed and circularly winged; capsule 5-6 mm. long; 



corolla 6-16 mm. long, the lowermost lobe externally hairy. 



Basal pouch slightly inflated, the upper proximal side of the corolla-tube rounded and 



forming a low angle with calyx; corolla less than one and a half times calyx, its 



upper lip usually ascending. 12. C. Bruceae. 



Basal pouch moderately to strongly inflated, the upper proximal side of the corolla-tu!)e 



