APPENDIX 



The following list is given to supplement the text (pp. 123-32) of the Violaceae. It has been 

 compiled for the most part from the work of Milo S. Baker and Jens Clausen on the genus Viola 

 in western America published in Madrofio and Leaflets of Western Botany. 



Annual; stipules large, conspicuous and leaf-like. V- arvensu. 



Perennial; stipules inconspicuous, small, lanceolate. 



Petals lavender; hairs on style-head short, not retrorse. f^. cascadensis. 



Petals yellow, often purple-tinged on back; hairs on style-head long, retrorse. 



Entire plant (including capsule) except corolla, stamens and pistil densely clothed with a loose-woolly 



tomentum; leaf -margins essentially entire. f^- tomentosa. 



Plants glabrous, pruinose-puberulent, short-pubescent or shaggy-villous (approaching tomentose in 

 deeply sinuate-dentate leaf-forms of V. aurca and laciniate-dentate leaf-forms of V. (purpurea 

 xerophyta); leaf-margins various; capsule not woolly. 

 Ovary smooth; upper petals not purple-backed or rarely so; leaves usually entire or obscurely sinuate- 

 crenate, the blades 2-8 cm. long. 

 Herbage glabrous or obscurely short-pubescent or -puberulent. V. vallicola. 



Herbage, especially when young, more or less shaggy-villous (approaching glabrous in subsps. 

 linguaefolia and major). V. pracmorsa. 



Ovary minutely puberulent; upper petals purple-backed; leaves shallowly or deeply crenate- 

 denticulate, crenate-serrate or toothed; if entire the blades usually less than 2 cm. long. 

 Herbage usually more or less tomentose; epidermis of the leaf-blades ash-colored; leaf- 

 margins deeply toothed. V- aurea. 

 Herbage not tomentose (except in form of V. purpurea subsp. xerophyta) ; epidermis of leaf- 

 blades not ash-colored; leaf-margins various. 

 Leaves not erect; herbage purple-tinged; flowers 8-12 mm. long; capsule S-6 mm. in 



diameter. V- purpurea. 



Leaves erect; herbage not tinged with purple; flowers 12-15 (20) mm. long; capsule 6-7 mm. 

 in diameter. K. quercetorum. 



Viola arvensis Murray, Prodr. Stirp. Goett. 73. 1770. Eastern Washington, Willamette Valley, Oregon, and 

 vicinity of Etna, Siskiyou County, California. Type locality: Europe. 



Viola aurea Kell. Proc. Calif. Acad. 2:185. fig. 54. 1862. Arid sands, west central Nevada to Mono County, 

 California. 



Viola aurea subsp. mohavensis M. S. Baker, Madroiio 10: 117. 1949. (Nomen nudum) Mono, Inyo, San Ber- 

 nardino and Ventura Counties, California. 



Viola Bakeri subsp. grandis Baker & Clausen in M. S. Baker, Madrono 10: 117. 1949. (Nomen nudum) 

 Plumas County to Mariposa County, California. Type locality: Cisco Grove, Placer County, California. 



Viola cascadensis M. S. Baker, Leaflets West. Bot. 5:173. 1949. Cascade Mountains. Oregon, and Okanogan 

 County, Washington. Type locality: Indian Ford Creek, five miles northwest of Sisters, Deschutes County, 

 Oregon. 



Viola pedunculata subsp. tenuifolia Baker & Clausen in M. S. Baker, Madroiio 10: 127. 1949. Inner Coast 

 Range, San Benito County, and southern Sierra Nevada foothills, Fresno and Tulare Counties, California. 

 Type locality: "4 miles easterly from Pinnacles Lodge, San Benito County." 



Viola pinetorum Greene. Cited as of hybrid origin between V. purpurea subsp. xerophyta and V. purpurea 

 subsp. mesophyta (M. S. Baker, Madroiio 10:118. 1949.). 



Viola praemorsa Dougl. Coastal plains, British Columbia and western Washington south to Humboldt County, 

 California. 



Viola praemorsa subsp. arida M. S. Baker, Madrofio 10: 117. 1949. (Nomen nudum.) 



Viola praemorsa subsp. linguaefolia (Nutt.) Baker & Clausen ex M. E. Peck, Man. PI. Oregon 486. 1941. (V. 

 praemorsa var. linguaefolia M. E. Peck, Man. PI. Oregon 846. 1941.) Eastern Washington and Oregon; also 

 Rocky Mountain and (jreat Basin ranges in Montana, Idaho, Colorado and Utah. 



Viola praemorsa subsp. major (Hook.) Baker & Clausen ex M. E. Peck, Man. PI. Oregon 486. 1941. (V. 

 praemorsa var. major M. E. Peck, Man. PI. Oregon 486. 1941.) Central Washington to southern Sierra 

 Nevada, California. 



Viola praemorsa subsp. oregona Baker & Clausen ex M. E. Peck, Man. PI. Oregon 486. 1941, in synonymy. 

 (V. praemorsa var. orgeona Baker & Clausen ex M. E. Peck. Man. PI. Oregon 486. 1941, without Latin 

 diagnosis.) Jackson, Klamath and Lake Counties, Oregon, to Siskiyou and Modoc Counties, California. 



Viola purpurea Kell. Principally in the yellow pine belt from the southern border of central Oregon south in the 

 Coast Ranges and on the western face of the Sierra Nevada to northern Lower California. Uncommon in its 

 extreme northern distribution where it is usually replaced by subsp. dimorpha. Lectotype: M. S. Baker. 8655, 

 two miles west of Paynes Creek, Tehama County, California. 



Viola Durpurea subsp. atriplicifolia (Greene) Baker & Clausen ex M. E. Peck, Man. PI. Oregon 486. 1941. 

 (K. purpurea var. atriplicifolia M. E. Peck, Man. PI. Oregon 486. 1941.) Idaho, Wyoming and southeastern 

 Washington south to Nevada and the eastern face of the Sierra Nevada to Inyo County, California. Type 

 locality: Mammoth Hot Springs, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. 



Viola purpurea subsp. dimorpha Baker & Clausen in M. S. Baker, Madrono 10: 122. 1949. Deschutes County, 

 Oregon, southward to Siskiyou and Modoc Counties, California, and southward at moderate altitudes on 

 the eastern slope of the Sierra Nevada to Inyo County, California. Type locality: Child's Meadow, Mineral- 

 Chester Highway, Plumas County, California. 



Viola purpurea subsp. geophyta Baker & Clausen in M. S. Baker, Madrofio 10: 124. 1949. (V. purpurea var. 

 genphvta Baker & Clausen ex M. E. Peck, Man. PI. Oregon 486. 1941, without Latin diagnosis; V. purpurea 

 subspl geophyta Baker & Clausen ex M. E. Peck, loc. cit. in synonymy.) Western border of the Great Basin 

 from Deschutes County, Oregon, to Mono County, California. Type locality: twenty miles south of Lapine, 

 Klamath County, Oregon. 



Viola purpurea subsp. integrifolia Baker & Clausen in M. S. Baker, Madrofio 10: 118. 1949. In Abies magnifica 

 belt, Klamath County, Oregon, to Glenn and Mendocino Counties in the Coast Rancres and Nevada County in 

 the Sierra Nevada, California. Type locality: vicinity of Humbupr Summit, Plumas County, California. 



Viola purpurea subsp. mesophyta Baker & Clausen in M. S. Baker, Madroiio 10: 114. 1949. (K. purpurea var, 

 mesophyta M. E. Peck, Man. PI. Oregon 486. 1941, without Latin diagnosis; V. purpurea subsp. mesophyta 

 Baker & Clausen ex M. E. Peck, loc. cit., in synonymy.) C?nadian and Hudsonian Zones, Plumas County to 

 San Bernardino County, southward on the western slo^e of the Sierra Nevada to thf Mount Pinos reeion and 

 the San Bernardino and San Jacinto Mountains, California. Type locality: Porcupine Flat, Mariposa 

 County. 



861 



