802 SCROPHULARIACEAE 



lobes. Stamens 4, didynamous, the anthers short-pubescent, with cells all equivalent and 

 mucronate-tipped. Capsule ovoid, mucronate, hirsute, loculicidal. Seeds irregularly ovoid, 

 white-lined. [Named in honor of C. A. L. Bellardi, professor of botany in Turin Uni- 

 versity.] 



A genus of 2 species, of the Mediterranean Region, the following naturalized in western North America and 

 southern South America. Type species, Bartsia Trixago L. 



1. Bellardia Trixago (L.) All. Bellardia. Fig. 4800. 



Bartsia Trixago L. Sp. PI. 602. 1753. 

 Bellardia Trixago All. Fl. Fed. 1: 61. 1785. 



Plant pubescent with stiff hairs, in inflorescence with some hairs gland-tipped, the stem 

 3-5 dm. tall. Leaves lanceolate, coarsely dentate-lobed, narrowed to sessile bases ; pedicels very 

 short; calyx 8-9 mm. long, its obtuse lobes 1-1.5 mm. long, the lower slightly the shorter; 

 corolla 18 mm. long, pale purple, its lower lip white; capsule 7 mm. long; seeds 0.4 mm. long. 



Grassy waysides and fields; central California. Introduced from Europe. April-May. 



26. RHINANTHUS L. Sp. PI. 603. 1753. 



Erect annual glandless herbs, with opposite leaves and a spike-like raceme of yellow 

 flowers. Bracteoles none. Calyx inflated and venose, with 4 lobes. Corolla 2-lipped, the 

 upper galeate (its lobes united to apex) but on lower side of apex with appendages of thin 

 tissue, the lower lip shorter, with lobes spreading distally. Stamens 4, didynamous, the 

 anthers proximally bearded, the cells all equivalent and acute. Capsule circular, strongly 

 flattened, glabrous, loculicidal. Seeds many, flattened, circularly winged. [Name Greek, 

 meaning nose flower.] 



Some SO species, of the cooler parts of the Northern Hemisphere, especially in Europe. Type species, 

 Rhinanthus Cristagalli L. 



1. Rhinanthus borealis (Stern.) Chab. Yellow Rattle. Fig. 4801. 



Alectorohphus borealis Stern. Ann. Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Geneve 3: 25. 1899. 

 Rhinanthus borealis Chab. Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7: 429. (June) 1899. 

 Alectorohphus arcticus Stern. Abh. Zool. Bot. Gesellsch. Wien 1^: 114. 1901. 

 Alectorohphus pacificus Stern, op. cit. 120. 



Stem 2-8 dm. tall, slightly bifariously pubescent. Leaves lanceolate, acute, dentate, finely 

 appressed-pubescent, rounded to sessile bases; pedicels 2-3 mm. long; calyx 13-15 mm. long, 

 finely pubescent, its lobes acute, 3 mm. long; corolla 8-11 mm. long, the appendages of the galea 

 narrow and yellow ; capsule 8 mm. long, slightly wider than long ; seeds 3 mm. wide. 



Open ground, Humid Transition Zone; along the coast from the Aleutian Islands to Tillamook County, Ore- 

 gon. Type locality: Unalaska Island, Alaska. Early summer. 



Rhinanthus borealis subsp. KyroUae (Chab.) Pennell. (.Rhinanthus Kyrollae Chab. Bull. Herb. Boiss. 

 7: 511. (July) 1899; R. rigidus Chab. op. cit. 516. (July) 1899.) Fruiting calyx glabrous or scarcely pubes- 

 cent on sides. Grassy places, Transition Zone to Hudsonian Zone; Alaska to Labrador, south to the Columbia 

 River; also Colorado and northern New York; rare in our area. Type locality: Annapolis, evidently not United 

 States," but likely Nova Scotia. Summer. 



27. PEDICULARIS [Bauhin] L. Sp. PI. 607. 1753. 



Erect perennial herbs, with (in ours) alternate leaves and a usually spike-like raceme 

 of yellow, purple, red or white flowers. Bracteoles none. Calyx with 5, 4, or seemingly 

 2 lobes. (Torolla 2-lipped, its upper lip galeate and often extended into a beak-like process, 

 its lower lip shorter and with the oblique lobes spreading or appressed. Stamens 4, di- 

 dynamous; anthers glabrous, their cells equivalent, obtuse to subulate-tipped. Capsule 

 flattened, glabrous, loculicidal. Seeds several, turgid, often slightly winged. [Name 

 Latin, pertaining to lice, because of supposition that, if eaten by stock, lice would ensue.] 



A genus of some 500 species of the North Temperate Zone, especially in the Old World; in the New World 

 extending south to the Andes of Ecuador. Type species, Pedicularis sylvatica L. 



Calyx-lobes 5, or rarely (by suppression of the uppermost one) 4, all distinct distally; leaf-blades deeply pin- 

 natifid or bipinnatifid. 

 Segments of the leaf-blades sharply toothed; bracts at least one and a half times as long as wide, narrowed 

 or rounded at base, the inflorescence slenderly elongated (except in P. Dudlcyi). 



Anther-cells subulate-tipped; stem less than 1 dm. tall, much exceeded by the lower leaves. 



I. Centrantherae. 



Anther-cells acute to obtuse; capsule dehiscing mainly or wholly on the dorsal side; stems over 1 dm. 

 tall. 

 Corolla purple-red, club-shaped, the cylindric and distally rounded galea more than thrice as long 

 as the inconspicuous appressed lower lip; anther-cells acute; lower leaves often as long as 

 or longer than the stem. 11. Densiflorae. 



Corolla yellow, purple, or violet-carmine, conspicuously 2-lipped, the galea vertically flattened and 

 the lower lip protuberant; anther-cells obtuse to acutish; lower leaves shorter than the stem 

 (except in P. Dudleyi.) 

 Galea beakless, or with beak less than the width of hood (its anther-containing portion) ; cap- 

 sule 9-15 mm. long, straight or decurved. 

 Bracts ovate or lance-ovate, at times caudate-tipped, sharply contrasted with the foliage 



