820 SCROPHULARIACEAE 



turgid, ovoid or cylindric-ovoid, glabrous, loculicidal. Seeds many, wingless, the loose 

 testa reticulate. [Named in honor of Castillejo, a Spanish botanist.] 



A genus of about 200 species, all of the New World, but one species extending to northern Asia. Type 

 species, Castilleja fissifoUa L.f., of Colombia. 



Plant perennial; at least the upper bracts trifid, or rarely these all entire (in C. disticha, C. franciscana, and 

 C. latifolia). 

 Sepals united little, if at all, farther dorsally than ventrally. 



Lower corolla-lip usually poucli-like, from about half the length of to nearly equaling galea, its lobes 

 distally thin, whitish (or wholly green in C. cinerea and C. Culbertsonh), and usually not in- 

 curved; leaf -blades mostly pinnatifid; corolla 1S-2S mm. long. 

 Sepals joined little farther laterally than medianly, the free calyx-lobes linear to lance-attenuate; 

 corolla 10-18 mm. long, its lower lip at least half the length of galea; plants cinereous to 

 hirsute. 

 Lower lip of corolla distally thin and whitish, at least two-thirds the length of galea; calyx-lobes 

 obtusish to attenuate; hairs of stem and leaves lax. 

 Stem, leaves, and inflorescence lanose with flexuous appressed matted hairs. 



I. ASACHNOIDEAE. 



Stem and leaves with distinct spreading hairs. II. Pilosae. 



Lower lip of corolla wholly green and thickened to apex, about half the length of galea; calyx- 

 lobes obtuse- rounded; stem and leaves grayish-hirsute. III. Cinereae. 

 Sepals joined much farther laterally than medianly, the free calyx-lobes relatively short; lower lip 

 of corolla evidently shorter than galea. 

 Calyx-lobes acute to obtusish (to sometimes rounded in C. villicaulis) ; leaves linear to linear- 

 lanceolate, entire or with slender lobes; bracts yellowish (to vinaceous in C. cryptantha). 



IV. Pallescentes. 



Calyx-lobes rounded (to merely obtuse in C. Lemmonii) ; leaves usually wider, entire or with 

 slender lobes; bracts yellow or purple. V. Chrysanthae. 



Lower corolla-lip less than half the length of galea, green or blackish, thickened, its lobes minute and 

 usually incurved. 

 Calyx cleft medianly more deeply than laterally, its lobes uniform; bracts colored, yellow, white, 

 purple, or red. 

 Herbage green, not tomentose; leaves linear to ovate; calyx-lobes all distinct at apex, acute 

 or obtuse, more rarely rounded. 

 Lower lip of corolla one-fifth to one-third length of galea. 



Plant, below the inflorescence, glandular-pubescent (obscurely so in C. levisecta); 

 bracts yellow or red. VI. Glandulifekae. 



Plant, below the inflorescence, not glandular. 



Stem with short reflexed hairs (to occasionally glabrous) ; bracts yellow or 

 whitish, ascending-appressed; corolla 14-18 mm. long; leaves linear-lanceo- 

 late to lanceolate. VII. Septentrionales. 



Stem with spreading hairs or glabrous; bracts red or purple (or yellow or whitish 

 in a form of C. oreopola); corolla 10-30 mm. long. 



Leaves linear-lanceolate, entire or sometimes with a pair of spreading lobes. 



VIII. Fraternae. 



Leaves lanceolate to ohovate, all (above the lowermost) with a pair of slender 

 usually falcate lobes. (.Chromosae) 59. C. oreopola. 



Lower lip of corolla less than one-fifth (or occasionally one-fourth) the length of galea. 

 Stems scattered, rising from slender rhizomes; bracts with sharply marked cross-band 

 of yellow just proximal to scarlet or scarlet-red distal portion. 



IX. SUKSDORFIANAE. 



Stems normally clustered, the roots descending from the often woody crown; bracts 

 with less sharply marked cross-band of yellow (except in C. hispida ahbre- 

 viata) or this lacking. 



Hairs simple or none. 



Galea dorsally rather strongly pubescent; stems much-branched, suffrutescent 

 or woody below. 

 Leaves oblong-lanceolate to orbicular, often thickened and relatively 

 brittle; calyx-lobes rounded to abruptly acuminate; stems diffuse, 

 ascending or erect. X. Latifoliae. 



Leaves linear-lanceolate, thin, attenuate and often undulate; calyx-lobes 

 lanceolate, acute to obtuse; stems erect. 



XI. Affines. 



Galea dorsally finely pubescent to puberulent; stems often simple, or 

 branched only near base, not or only rarely suflfruticose below. 

 ' Plant, below the inflorescence, evidently glandular-pubescent; bracts 



yellow or red. 

 Bracts dull yellow or reddish; corolla 15-20 mm. long, shorter than 



or somewhat exceeding the bracts. (Glandtiliferae) 

 Bracts red or scarlet; corolla usually longer and clearly exceeding 

 the bracts. XII. Distichae. 



Plant, below the inflorescence, not or only obscurely glandular; bracts 

 red, scarlet, or purple (yellow or whitish only in C. neglecta 

 and in occasional color- forms of other species). 



Main cauline leaves entire. XIII. Miniatae. 



Main cauline leaves with 1 to several pairs of lobes. 



XIV. Chromosae. 



Hairs branched; galea as long as or longer than the tube of the corolla; bracts 

 distally red. XV. Pruinosae. 



Herbage grayish- or white-tomentose, the hairs branched; leaves linear to oblong, obtuse or 

 rounded, entire (or the uppermost lobed) ; plants shrubby below. 

 Calyx-lobes acute; galea dorsally strongly pubescent; bracts obovoid, entire or distally 

 3-toothed; leaves oblong, pale green; stem hirsute with mainly simple and gland- 

 tipped hairs, but the leaves tomentose with shorter branched and mostly glandless 

 hairs. (.Latifoliae) 41. C. mollis. 



