846 SCROPHULARIACEAE 



or somewhat branched, Z-1 dm. tall ; leaves linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, entire or with a pair 

 of slender lobes ; bracts distally and calyces scarlet or scarlet-red, or duller ; calyx 25-35 mm. 

 long, with decurved tube, cleft medianly more deeply ventrally (one-half its length) than 

 dorsally (one-fourth to one-third its length), laterally 3-5 mm. into linear-lanceolate to oblong- 

 lanceolate lobes which upcurve about the decurving galea; corolla 35-45 mm. long, its galea 

 20-25 mm. long, stout, pubescent dorsally, with wide yellow or reddish thin margins, its lower 

 lip 3 mm. long, dark green, rudimentary, appressed; capsule at least 10 mm. long. 



Among chaparral and other bushy growth, Upper Sonoran and Transition Zones; along coast from Mendo- 

 cino County to Ventura County, California. Type locality: east of upper Crystal Springs Lake, southwest of 

 San Mateo, San Mateo County, California. March-June. 



69. Castilleja stenantha A. Gray. Large-flowered Annual Indian Paint-brush. 



Fig. 4913. 



Castilleja stenantha A. Gray, Syn. FI. N. Amer. 2^: 295. 1878. 



Plant annual, pubescent throughout with spreading glandless (or with some interspersed 

 gland-tipped) hairs, the stems simple or somewhat branched, 5-10 dm. tall. Leaves lanceolate- 

 attenuate, entire ; bracts leaf-like, those at stem-apex erect and distally scarlet, but by anthesis 

 those subtending the opened flowers green throughout and spreading-ascending ; calyx green, 

 23-25 mm. long, cleft medianly nearly two-thirds its length, laterally 0.5-3 mm. into linear- 

 attenuate or merely acute lobes; corolla 25-35 mm. long, its galea 15-20 mm. long, dull yellow 

 dorsally, with narrow pale thin margins, its lower lip 2-3 mm. long, yellow, horizontally pro- 

 jecting; capsule 12 mm. long. 



Moist soil, streamsides or marshes. Lower Sonoran and Transition Zones; central and southwestern Cali- 

 fornia from Lake County to Monterey, Fresno and San Diego Counties. Type locality: vicinity of Fort Tejon, 

 California. April-Aug. 



70. Castilleja exilis A. Nels. Small-flowered Annual Indian Paint-brush. 



Fig. 4914. 



Castilleja striata Rydb. Mem. N.Y. Bot. Card. 1: 354. 1900. Not Benth. 1846. 

 Castilleja exilis A. Nels. Proc. Biol. See. Wash. 17: 100. 1904. 



Plant annual, rough-pubescent with spreading glandless and often or mainly with inter- 

 spersed gland-tipped hairs ; the stems simple or occasionally branched, 3-8 dm. tall. Leaves 

 lanceolate-attenuate, entire ; bracts leaf-like, those at stem-apex erect and distally scarlet, but by 

 anthesis those subtending the opened flowers mostly or wholly green and spreading-ascending; 

 calyx green, 18 mm. long, cleft medianly two-thirds its length, laterally 1.5-3 mm. into lance- 

 attenuate lobes; corolla 15-20 mm. long, its galea 7-9 mm. long, dull yellow, pubescent dorsally, 

 with wide purplish or reddish thin margins, its lower lip 2-3 mm. long, yellowish, ascending- 

 appressed, with whitish lobes ; capsule 9-10 mm. long. 



Moist grassy soil, often at edges of alkali marshes. Upper Sonoran Zone; arid interior plateaus, central 

 northern Washington to central southern Oregon, east to Montana and Colorado. Type locality: Ruby Valley, 

 Nevada. June-Sept. 



71. Castilleja spiralis Jepson. Dark-lipped Annual Indian Paint-brush. 



Fig. 4915. 



Castilleja spiralis Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Calif. 412. 1901. 



Plant annual, pubescent with spreading intermixed glandless and gland-tipped hairs, the 

 stems simple or branched, 6-9 dm. tall. Leaves lanceolate-attenuate, entire ; bracts shorter and 

 wider than leaves, the young ones at stem-apex erect and tipped with scarlet-red, but by anthesis 

 those subtending the opened flowers green and spreading-ascending; calyx green, 17-20 mm. 

 long, cleft medianly five-eighths its length or more, laterally 0.5-2 mm. long into attenuate or 

 acute lobes; corolla 23-28 mm. long, its galea 9-15 mm. long, dull yellow, distally purplish and 

 pubescent dorsally, with narrow thin margins, its lower lip 2-3 mm. long, purple-red, ascendmg- 

 appressed; capsule 9-10 mm. long. 



Moist soil along streams. Upper Sonoran Zone; central California from Lake and Napa Counties to 

 Tuolumne County. Type locality: Butt's Canyon, Napa County, California. June-Sept. 



31. CORDYLANTHUS Nutt. ex Benth. in A. DC. Prod. 10: 597. 1846. 



Branched annual herbs, with yellow roots, alternate entire or dissected leaves, and 

 spikes of dull yellow or purple flowers. Bracts subtending flowers either leaf-like or so 

 modified as to seem a part of the calyces. Bracteoles none. Calyx with its component 

 sepals united into a single piece, which is split nearly or quite to base ventrally but dorsally 

 extends as a tongue-like structure that is either bifid or entire at apex. Corolla 2-lipped, 

 the upper galeate and rounded to sagittally compressed around the anthers, the lower lip 

 shorter or usually as long, somewhat inflated and with free or coalescent minute lobes. 

 Stamens 4 or 2, the anther-cells unequally placed and the lower sometimes smaller or 

 aborted. Capsule turgid, glabrous, loculicidal. Seeds many, wingless, the loose testa 

 reticulate. [Name Greek, meaning club and flower.] 



Species about 40, of western North America. Type species, Cordylanthus filifolitis Nutt. 



