Location : For some of the general shore support industries a 

 waterfront location will be necessary to have raw materials and supplies 

 arrive and depart by barge or ship. This will mean that piers, floats, 

 and dolphins will have to be constructed and berths and channels dredged. 

 Dredging should be performed only with protective devices, such as 

 sediment screens, and by techniques that keep sediments to a minimum, 

 such as working only on the outgoing tide. Existing facilities 

 should be adapted to accommodate these many small industries. 

 The location of these facilities at the entrances of harbors and 

 rivers with significant flushing rates will aid in the dispersal of 

 propeller-generated silts and sediments. Additionally, erosional 

 runoff from unpaved storage areas and parking lots will be more 

 quickly transported rather than settling in adjacent salt marshes, 

 clam flats, etc., where organisms could be smothered. Industries that 

 have no direct coastal connection should be situated on the upland. 

 Wetlands should not be filled to obtain new area because of the loss of 

 vital fish and wildlife habitat. 



Design : Where general shore support industries have service areas 

 and operations shops, grease and oil traps should be installed and 

 properly maintained. This will reduce the amount of petroleum products 

 reaching runoff water. All cooling water that may have contacted 

 petroleum or other contaminant material should be treated before it is 

 allowed to re-enter natural water bodies. Compressors and other equipment, 

 which may exceed acceptable noise levels should be housed or. provided 

 with muffler devices to reduce the sound levels. Bulkheads should not be 

 used as substitutes for piers. Solid fill bulkheads interrupt littoral 

 drift and cause sand to be diverted from downshore areas which were' 

 previously supplied by the along-shore currents. 



Construction : Heavy equipment must be scheduled to avoid operations 

 during sensitive periods of fish and wildlife cycles, such as 

 spawning/breeding, rearing, etc. Erosional sediments from runoff may 

 cover fish eggs causing failure to hatch, while noise and other disturb- 

 ances may be disruptive, especially in or near endangered species habitats, 

 If construction is to occur in wetlands, the heavy equipment should use 

 construction mats to protect the area from long term damage by tractor 

 treads, truck wheels, etc. Existing service roads should be utilized as 

 much as possible and should be strengthened to accommodate the loads of 

 heavy equipment. 



Operation : If oil or gas is to be stored above ground on the 

 premises for operations, dikes around the tanks should be able to accom- 

 modate the full contents of the tanks. Each tank should have its own 

 access road and the tops of dikes should not be used as service roads or 

 be traversed by vehicles that could erode surfaces. All waters involved 

 with processes should be collected in a central system for treatment, 

 such as aeration, precipitation, etc., to reduce pollution loads when 

 the water re-enters the natural water course. Operations that create 



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