SPECIAL ACCOUNT. 19 



left, is a fine example of the way the cells are crushed together and 

 loosened from their surroundino-s. Similar examples may ))e seen at 

 the i)()ttom of this tigure, and in lig. 2. In tig. 2 observe i)arti('ularl3^ 

 the condition of the cells next above the unoccupied cells marked X, Y, 

 and Z. 



The two figures shown in PI. XI are from the margin of bacterial 

 cavities similar to those shown on PI. X, l)ut more hiohlv maciiitied. 

 Here also the cell walls are in all stages of separation and decomposi- 

 tion. In the middle of fig. 1, and at the left side of fig. 2, cell walls 

 may be seen in all stages of solution. In none of these serial sections 

 is there to be found any trace of fungus threads or of insect or other 

 animal devastation, the entire injury boing due to an enormous nudti- 

 plication of the organism which was inoculated into the leaves of the 

 plant, and Avhich found its wa}' into the root through the vascular bun- 

 dles of the petioles. Part of the injury is plainly mechanical, due to 

 crowding, and part is chemical, due undoubtedly to the solvent action 

 of a C3"tase. Had the plant been allowed to remain in the soil a few 

 weeks longer, the result must have been the fusing of these various 

 small cavities into one or more large cavities. Wc shoidd then have 

 had a phenomenon like that shown on PI. I. fig. 1. 



PI. XII, fig. 1, is fi'om a radial longitudinal section showing cam- 

 bium and phloem' at the right (top) and xylem (wood parenchyma) at 

 the left with cavities close to the caml)ium. Fig. 2 is a detail from the 

 larger of these cavities taken at the point marked X. 



PL XIII is a continuation of XII, showing details from the larger 

 cavity taken at the points marked Y and Z. Here again cell walls are 

 crushed and undergoing solutions, and the bacteria arc present in 

 incalculable numliers and no other organisms are present. In the upper 

 part of fig. 1. at the right, the l)a('teria ma}' be seen wedging' apart two 

 parenchyma cells. Similar phenomena may be seen in the upper right- 

 hand corner of fig. 2. 



RESULTS OF SYNCHRONOUS INOCULATIONS INTO OTHER PLANTS. 



At the same time and from the same culture as turnip No. 53 twenty- 

 eight other plants were inoculated as follows: Four rape, 6 radish, 6 

 cabbage, 5 kale, 3 turnip, and four Roman hyacinth. Twenty-three of 

 the 28 plants contracted the disease, as follows: Four rape— 1 plant 

 became diseased constitutionall}", 3 showed only local symptoms; 5 

 radish — 3 developed constitutional symptoms, 2 local symptoms only; 

 6 ca}>bage — all (! developed constitutional symptons, and No. 42 was 

 illustrated in 1897 in 2te Abt., Centralblatt f . Bakt. (Ill Bd., Taf. VI, 

 fig. 5), and in the same journal in 1001 (VII Bd., Taf. VIII and IX); 

 5 kale — 3 developed constitutional symptoms, 2 only local symptoms; 

 3 turnips — 1 developed only local s^^mptoms, the others showed also 

 constitutional symptoms. The hyacinths did not become diseased. 



