412 APPENDIX. 



go quite close in shore, between the Shag Rock, a flat rock 

 near the anchorage, and Fort Galvez, and anchor in three or 

 four fathoms ; in doing this, until the Shag Rock is passed, 

 keep a 7'ed mark, which will be seen upon a hill south of Es- 

 pinosa Ridge, open with Talcahuana Head. A good berth 

 will be found in three fathoms' mud, close off the town ; the 

 eastern slope of Espinosa Hill in one with Talcahuana Head. 

 At Talcahuana moor open hawse to the north-eastward ; but 

 many think this unnecessary, as the holding ground is so ex- 

 cellent, that it is sufficient to steady the ship with a stream. 



Should it happen by any accident that ships, after having 

 passed Quebra Ollas, should not be able to weather Pajaros 

 Ninos (supposing the wind to be from the northward), or 

 should be set upon the northern shore of Talcahuana Penin- 

 sula, off which lie scattered rocks, they may run through the 

 channel between Quiriquina and the peninsula. In doing this 

 it is safest to keep close over on the island side, but not in less 

 than seven fathoms water. On the opposite shore a reef ex- 

 tends, eastward from the Buey Rock, to the distance of seven 

 or eight hundred yards from the foot of the cliffs ; the mai'k 

 for clearing it is Fort St. Augustine, open with all the capes of 

 Talcahuana Peninsula: but this danger will generally show 

 itself, except the water be particularly smooth, as there is a 

 small rock near its outer edge which dries at half tide *. 



Having passed the Buey Rock, haul a little to the westward 

 to avoid a reef off the S.W. extremity of Quiriquina, and 

 be careful not to stand into either of the sandy bays of Qui- 

 riquina, between this point and the range of cliffs to the north- 

 ward of it, or towards the peninsula, so as to bring the Buey 

 Rock to bear to the eastward of N., true, until you have ad- 

 vanced full half a mile to southward, when the lead will serve 

 as a guide. If it be found necessary to anchor, haul Into Tom- 

 bez Bay in the peninsula, and bring up in seven or eight 

 fathoms* mud. This is in the northernmost bay, and may be 

 known by several huts and a large storehouse. When through, 



* The narrowest distance between tliis rock and the reef on Quiriquina 

 sides, is exactly half a mile. 



