APPENDIX, NO. II. 33 



winter is not excessive, but on the contrary very moderate ; 

 because the country is alvi^ays open to the rays of the sun, 

 and is unaffected by the north winds, being only open to 

 those which blow from the south, which are always tempe- 

 rate,' and especially so there, because they come in a direct 

 line from the sea. The proof of this was evident from the 

 species of fruits which we found there. Although this 

 land is in so high a parallel of latitude, it is not on that 

 account less fit to be inhabited, since many other countries 

 are so which run in the same parallel ; namely, Edinburgh 

 in Scotland, the principal cities of Sweden, Hapsalia and 

 Ryga, cities in Livonia, Dublin in Ireland, Nidrosia, a city 

 in Norway, many parts of Moscovia, and many other very 

 pleasant countries which are inhabited, traded with, and 

 well known ; which, although they are free from the heat 

 of this coast, are rather cold. The longest day of summer 

 in this land is eighteen hours and a half, and the longest 

 night in winter the same ; therefore the summer nights are 

 five hours and a half long, and the day in winter about as 

 many. 



Upon the banks of the river which flows into the harbour, 

 and on those of another which is lower down on the soutli- 

 east side, grow many large trees, most of them fruit-bearing; 

 some similar to those of Spain, such as apples, pears, and 

 wild plums, and others quite unknown, of divers forms ; 

 therefore, that v^e might fall into no danger, (as might 

 possibly have happened,) I ordered my people not to eat 

 any fruit which had not been pecked at by the birds by 

 this means we avoided eating any hurtful fruit. Most of 

 these were the fruits of last year remaining upon the trees, 

 for in that season there was no ripe fruit, being the latter 

 part of April, all May, and part of June; and as the fruit 

 was preserved on the trees from one year to another, we 

 knew that the winter could not have been very severe. 

 We found in a valley surrounded by the river, which was 

 low and apparently very temperate, wild grapes and lechias, 



c 



