TABLE OF CONTENTS XV 



CHAPTER V 

 Reduction of the Chromosomes, Oogenesis and Spermatogenesis 



PAGE 



A. Genera' Outline 234 



1. Rtiuction in the Female. The Polar Bodies 236 



2. Reduction in the Male. Spermatogenesis . , . , , , .241 



3. Weismann's Interpretation of Maturation ..,.,.. 243 



B. Origin of the Tetrads 246 



1. General Sketch . 246 



2. Detailed Evidence . 248 



C. Reduction without Tetrad-formation 258 



D. Some Peculiarities of Reduction in the Insects . , . . . . .271 



E. The Early History of the Germ-nuclei 272 



F. Reduction in Unicellular Forms . . . 277 



G. Maturation of Parthenogenetic Eggs 280 



Appendix 



1. Accessory Cells of the Testis 284 



2. Amitosis in the Early Sex-cells 285 



H. Summary and Conclusion 285 



Literature, V 287 



CHAPTER VI 



Some Problems of Cell-organization 



A. The Nature of Cell-organs 291 



B. Structural Basis of the Cell 293 



C. Morphological Composition of the Nucleus 294 



I. The Chromatin 294 



(a) Hypothesis of the Individuality of the Chromosomes . . . 294 



{b) Composition of the Chromosomes 301 



D. Chromatin, Linin, and Cytoplasm 302 



E. The Centrosome ............. 304 



F. The Archoplasmic Structures 316 



1. Hypothesis of Fibrillar Persistence .316 



2. The Archoplasm Hypothesis 318 



3. The Attraction-sphere 323 



G. Summary and Conclusion ........... 327 



Literature, VI 328 



CHAPTER VII 



Some Aspects of C'xl-chemistry and Cell-physiology 



A. Chemical Relations of Nucleus ana Cytoplasm ....... 330 



1. The Proteids and their Allies ......... 331 



2. The Nuclein Series ........... 332 



3. Staining-reactions of the Nuclein Series ....... 334 



