478 



INDEX OF SUBJECTS 



Calanus, tetrads, 250. 

 Calopteniis, 165, 257. 



Cambium, 376. 



Cancer-cells, mitosis, 98. 



Catithocamptus, reduction, 251; ovarian 

 eggs, 273. 



Cell, in general, 4; origin, 9; name, 17; 

 general sketch, 19; polarity of, 55; as a 

 structural unit, 58; structural basis, 23, 

 293; physiology and chemistry, 330; size 

 and numerical relations, 389; in inheri- 

 tance, 9, 430; differentiation of, 413, 426; 

 independence of, 427. 



Cell-bridges, 59. 



Cell-division (see Mitosis, Amitosis), general 

 significance, 10, 63; general account, 65; 

 types, 64; Remak's scheme, 63; indirect, 

 65; direct, 114; cyclical character, 178, 

 223; equal and reducing or qualitative, 

 405; relation to development, 388, 405, 

 410, 427; Sachs's laws, 362; rhythm, 366, 

 389; unequal, 370; of teloblasts, 371 ; 

 energy of, 388; relation to metamerism, 

 390; causes, 391 ; relation to growth, 

 388; and difterentiation, 427. 



Cell-membrane, 53. 



Cell-organization, 289. 



Cell-organs, 52; nature of, 291; temporary 

 and permanent, 292. 



Cell-plate, 71. 



Cell-state, 58. 



Cell-theory, general sketch, 1-14. 



Central spindle, 70, 78. 



Centrodesmus, 79, 315. 



Centrodeutoplasm, 163, 324. 



Centroplasm, 324. 



Centrosome, 22; general sketch, 50, 304; 

 position, 55; in mitosis, 74; a permanent 

 organ, 74; dynamic centre, 76; historical 

 origin, 315; functions, loi, 354; in ami- 

 tosis, 115; of the ovum, 125; of the 

 spermatozoon, 137, 165-170; in fertiliza- 

 tion, 190, 208; degeneration of, 186, 213; 

 continuity, 74, 77, 194, 214, 321 ; nature, 

 304; intra-nuclear, 304; supernumerary, 



355- 



Centrosphere, 68, 85; nature of, 324. 



Ceratiuin ^ 91. 



Ceralozanna, reduction, 275. 



Cerebralulus, 193, 194,213, 306,307,321,325. 



Cerianthus, regeneration in, 392. 



Chatopteriis, spindle, 81, 84; fertilization, 

 192; sperm-centrosome, 213; centrosomes 

 de novo, 306; cell-division, 391. 



Char a, spermatozoids, 143. 



Chilonionas, 32, 40, 192. 



Chironomus, spireme-nuclei, 36. 



Chorion, 132. 



Chromatic figure, 69; origin, 72; varieties, 

 86; in fertilization, 181, 204. 



Chromatin, 2,y, in meristem, 37; in mitosis, 

 65, 86; in cancer-cells, 98; of the egg- 

 nucleus, 126; elimination of, in cleavage, 

 147,426; in oogenesis, 233, 276; staining- 

 reactions, 334-340; morphological organi- 

 zation, 37, 245, 294; chemical nature, 332, 

 404; relations to linin, 302; physiological 

 changes, 338; as the idioplasm, 352; in 

 development, 405, 425, 431. 



Chromatin-granules, 37; in mitosis, 112; in 

 reduction, 248; general signihcance, 301— 

 304; relations to linin, 302. 



Chromatophore, 53; in the ovum, 133; in 

 fertilization, 229. 



Chromiole, 302. 



Chromomere (see Chromatin-granule), 37, 

 301. 



Chromoplast, 53. 



Chromosomes, 67, 70, 86, 1 1 2; number of, 

 67, 206; bivalent and plurivalent, 87; 

 division, 112; of the primordial germ- 

 cell, 148; in fertilization, 182, 204; inde- 

 pendence in fertilization, 204; reduction, 

 238, 243, 248; in early germ-nuclei, 273; 

 conjugation of, 257; in parthenogenesis, 

 281; individuality of, 294; composition of, 

 301 ; chemistry, 334, 336; history in ger- 

 minal vesicle, 338; in dwarf larvae, 296. 



Ciliated cells, 44, 57. 



Ciona, egg-axis, 379. 



Clavelina, cleavage, 369, 381. 



Cleavage, in general, 10; geometrical rela- 

 tions, 362; Sachs's rules, 362; Hertwig's 

 rules, 364; modifications pf, 366; spiral, 

 368; reversal of, 368; unequal, 370; under 

 pressure, 375,411 ; promorphology of, 378; 

 bilateral, 381 ; rhythm, 366, 388; mosaic 

 theory, 399, 423; half cleavage, 410. 



Cleavage-nucleus, 204. 



Cleavage-planes, 362; axial relations, 378. 



Clepsine, nephridial cell, 45; polar rings, 

 202 ; cleavage, 370. 



Closteriiim, conjugation and reduction, 280. 



Cockroach, amitosis, 115; orientation of egg, 



384- 

 Coelenterates, germ-cells, 146; regeneration, 



392, 393, 430. 

 Conjugation, in unicellular animals, 222; 



unicellular plants, 228, 280 ; physiological 



meaning, 178, 223. 



