ZOOPHYTES. 23 



variations. In some the stem is nearly 

 smooth from the base to the cup, where 

 there are only a few slight twists ; in 

 others there are several distinct though 

 irregular rings or twists at the base, a 

 few about the middle of the stem, and 

 others at the base of the calycle; in 

 almost all there is one very distinct ring 

 at the base of the latter, as Mr. Alder 

 shows in his figure*. There is also 

 a peculiar hollow at the base of the 

 calycle ; but this cannot be called a 



6 • Cmnpanularia Hincksii. 



Gampanulai-ia verticillata, L. ; Hincks, Brit. H. Z. vol. i. 



p. 167. 



Common in deep water. Many specimens were also found 

 in the stomach oi Echinus esculentus from the laminarian zone. 



Canvpanularia fleocuosa^ Hincks, Brit. H. Z. vol. i. 

 p. 168. 



Not uncommon on the under surfaces of stones near low- 

 water mark. The peculiar zigzag form of the stem, with the 

 arms of the forks tending in opposite directions, together with 

 the short, broad, and smooth-edged hydrothecse, are character- 

 istic. The long pedicels of the hydrothecse had their central 

 smooth portions peculiarly flattened out, so as almost to 

 assume a fusiform aspect. 



Cavipanularia raridentata, Alder ; Hincks, Brit. H. Z. 

 vol. i. p. 176. 



Occasionally found on Antennularia antennina and other 

 zoophytes from the coralline ground. The form agrees in most 

 respects with the published description. The calycle is very 

 narrow and deep, with six to eight large teeth on the margin ; 

 stalk rather slender (much more so than in Clytia Johnstoni), 

 with several distinct rings below the cup, and many less distinct 

 towards the base. The peculiar slenderness of the stalk, the 



* Catalogue of the Zoophytes of Noi-thumberland and Durham pi ii 

 fig. 9. 



