98 MAN AND APES. 



of a carnivorous animal — attain their maxi- 

 mum of development. Frontispiece, Fig. 2. 



The relation of the face to the brain-case is 

 shown by what is called the cranio-facial 

 angle. This angle is estimated by comparing 

 the direction of a line drawn parallel to the 

 base of the skull with another line drawn from 

 the front end of that base to the middle of the 

 lower margin of the upper jaw. Stress has been 

 laid on the difference existing between man 

 and the Gorilla as to this angle. But it does 

 not appear to be a really important character, 

 since much difference exists with regard to 

 this character in forms admitted by all to be 

 closely related, such as the two Baboons — the 

 Mandrill and the Chacma. 



There is one small cranial character, how- 

 ever, in which the Gorilla approaches man 

 more nearly than does any other Primate. 

 This is the existence of a certain riclge 

 (termed vaginal) on the under surface of the 

 bone which encloses the internal ear. An- 

 other process of the same bone (called 



