Chap. XI. RICHARDSON'S VOYAGE TO THE EASTWARD. 437 



every obstacle with an ardent desire to surmount it, and 

 cheerfully exerted themselves to the utmost of their power. 

 Their cool steady conduct is the more commendable, as the 

 sea navigation was entirely novel to the whole except to 

 the seamen, Duncan and Spinks, and Hallom, corporal of 

 marines. The Canadian voyagers, Felix and Vivier, first 

 saw the ocean on this occasion." 



Dr. Richardson's Voyage to the Eastward. 



The narrative of Dr. Richardson is briefly and 

 lucidly told. According to his instructions he had 

 to trace the coast between the Mackenzie and Copper 

 Mine Rivers, and to return from the latter over- 

 land to Fort Franklin. His party consisted of 

 himself, the interpreter Ooligbuck, and four men, 

 in the Dolphin; and Mr. Kendall in the Union. 

 On leaving Point Separation, in one of the branches 

 of the Mackenzie, on the 4th July, he. made for 

 Middle Channel, out of which he entered a branch 

 flowing to the eastward, the land being low and 

 marshy ; the summits of the banks loaded with 

 drift- timber. These flats were enlivened by the 

 busy flight and cheerful twittering of the sand- 

 martins, which had scooped out thousands of nests in 

 the banks ; " we witnessed witK pleasure their ac- 

 tivity in thinning the ranks of our most tormenting 

 foes, the mosquitoes." At forty-two miles the party 

 came to the commencement of Reindeer Hills on 

 the mainland, clothed with trees to their tops. 



On the 5th, having made above forty miles, they 



