286 ARCTIC VOYAGES. Chap. IX. 



voyage of Sir John Franklin, having been the second 

 in command to Captain James Ross in the South 

 Pole expedition. Lieutenant James Ross, on the 

 present voyage, commanded the second boat. 



On the 4th of April, 1827, the Hecla weighed 

 anchor and made sail from the Nore, and on the 

 19th arrived at Hammerfest, where they were to 

 receive on board eight rein-deer with a supply of 

 moss {Cenomyce rangiferina) for their provender. 

 Here Parry gleaned some instructions for the ma- 

 nagement of the deer. 



" Nothing can be more beautiful than the training of the 

 Lapland rein-deer. With a simple collar of skin round his 

 neck, a single trace of the same material attached to the 

 pulk or sledge, and passing between his legs, and one rein 

 fastened like a halter round his neck, this intelligent and 

 docile animal is perfectly under command of an experienced 

 driver, and performs astonishing journeys over the softest 

 snow. When the rein is thrown over on the off-side of the 

 animal he immediately sets off at full trot, and stops short 

 the instant it is thrown back to the near side. Shaking the 

 rein over his back is the only whip that is required." — p. 6. 



The quantity of clean moss, per day, for each deer, 

 is stated to be four pounds, but they go five or six 

 days without provender, and without suffering ma- 

 terially. Snow is to them the best kind of water, 

 and ice a comfortable bed. It may well be ima- 

 gined how valuable such animals were likely to be 

 to the party, and Parry observes that " the more 

 we became accustomed, and I may say, attached 



