SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION 195 



ofif pieces, or one might think of the helix as having distinct kinks which permit 

 an extended helix to be fitted into a small compact region. Electronmicrographs 

 have shown the DNA molecules a few seconds after they escaped from a virus, 

 and neither chopped-off pieces or kinks have been seen; so that poses the 

 question: What could have been the overall structure of the DNA inside the 

 virus? I do not know whether this problem has a direct counterpart in the prob- 

 lem of the folding of proteins. 



Chairman Pauling : I suppose that it may be related to the question of how 

 the alpha helix is fitted into the hemoglobin molecule, and how it bends around 

 a corner, and nobody, so far as I am aware, has detailed information about 

 these matters. 



Now we have come to the end of our symposium. First, let me say that all 

 of the speakers have done an excellent job of exposition. I should like to take 

 this opportunity to thank the Office of Naval Research and the American In- 

 stitute of Biological Sciences, and the individuals: Dr. P. Hopper, Mrs. V. 

 Bolton, Dr. K. Heumann, Dr. I. Fuhr, Dr. G. Livingston, Mr. I. Mohler, 

 Dr. O. Reynolds and Mr. L. Shinn for having arranged this symposium, which 

 I myself have found very interesting. I hope that you all agree with me that 

 we are indebted to them for having taken the initiative and brought us here. 



