Organic Substances 135 



soluble in dilute acids and alkalis and promptly bleached by 

 acidified permanganate and slowly ( in several hours to days ) 

 by hydrogen peroxide. It is argentaffin in that it will reduce 

 alkaline silver solutions (Foot's or alkaline silver-methen- 

 amine, p. 60) in about 3-12 hours. It does not give the Prus- 

 sian blue reaction. 



B) The pigment of ochronosis derives from an unidenti- 

 fied derivative of hydroquinone (possibly homogentisic 

 acid). It imparts a homogeneous yellow-brown to blackish 

 hue to certain tissues (cartilage, degenerated elastic fibers, 

 etc. ) . It is not argentaffin. Its most typical tinctorial property 

 is its very intense, almost black, staining with cresyl violet.^^ 



3 ) Lipo genie pigments.— 



Iron-free, brownish pigments, stainable by fat dyes (to 

 some extent even after paraffin-embedding ) , rather resistant 

 to dilute acids and alkalis and to bleaching by oxidants, have 

 been described under various names (chromolipoid,^^ hemo- 

 fuscin,^* lipofuscin,^^ "Abnutzungspigment,"^^ pigment of 

 wear and tear, luteolipin,^^ ceroid,^^ cytolipochrome,^^ etc. ) . 

 Their other properties include a brownish fluorescence, stain- 

 ing by basic aniline dyes, especially fuchsin,^^ increase in 

 basophilia after oxidation by permanganate,^^ metachromasia 

 with methyl green,-^- ^^ a positive Schiff reaction after peri- 

 odate treatment,^^' ^^ peroxide-like effects, etc.^^' ^^ Whether 



12. Friedrich, H., and Nikolowski, W.: Arch. f. Dermat. u. Syph., 

 192:273, 1951. 



13. Ciaccio, C: Biochem. Ztschr., 69:313, 1915. 



14. Recklinghausen, F. D. von: Berl. Win. Wchnschr., 26:925, 1889. 



15. Borst, M.: Pathologische Histologie (Leipzig: F. C. V^. Vogel, 1922). 



16. Lubarsch, O.: Zentralbl. f. allg. Path. u. path. Anat., 13:881, 1902. 



17. Rossman, L: Carnegie Inst. Washington Publ, 541:97, 1942. 



18. LilHe, R. D., Ashbum, L. L., Sebrell, W. H., Daft, F. S., and Lowry, 

 J. v.: Pub. Health Rep., 57:502, 1942. 



19. GiUman, J., and Gillman, T.: Am. J. Path., 40:239, 1945. 



20. Mallory, F. B.: Pathological technique (Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders 

 Co., 1938). 



21. Endicott, K. M., and Lillie, R. D.: Am. J. Path., 20:149, 1944. 



22. Gyorgy, P.: Am. J. Clin. Path., 14:67, 1944. 



23. Popper, H., Gyorgy, P., and Goldblatt, H.: Arch. Path., 37:161, 1944. 



24. Elftman, H., Kaunitz, H., and Slanetz, C. A.: Ann. New York Acad. 

 Sc, 52:72, 1949. 



