PROTOZOA AND INVERTEBRATE EGGS 321 



Table 8-3. Microscopically Visible Changes Induced by Radiation 



Radiation 



•> (radium) 



7 (radium) 



X rays 



Ultraviolet 



Ultraviolet 



2537, 2654, 



2804, 3025 A 

 2650, 2804 A 



Ultraviolet 



Ultraviolet 



Organism 



Ultraviolet, 

 microbeam 



Ultraviolet, 

 microbeam 



Ultraviolet, in- 

 tense flashes 



Ultraviolet, 

 intense 

 flashes 



V'isible light 

 plus photo- 

 dynamic dye 



Visible light 

 plus photo- 

 dynamic dye 



Physarium 

 Opalinid eiliates 

 Unto tumidus eggs 



I'tiio tumidus eggs 



Amoeba proteus 



Paramecin m multimi- 



cronurleatum 

 Paramecium aurelia 



Kahlia simplex 



Spirostomum 

 ambiguum 



Amoeba proteus, 

 Avioeba verrucosa, 

 Paramecium caudalum 



Paramecium caudatum, 

 Spirostomum 

 avibigu um, A m ph ilep- 

 tus claparedei 



Paramecium multim.i- 

 cronuclealum 



Amoeba proteus, 

 Amoeba dubia, 

 Euglena, Volvox, 

 Chilomonas, 

 Stylonychia, 

 Chilodonella, 

 Coleps, Urocentrum, 

 Paramecium bursaria, 

 Epistylis, Stentor, 

 Bursaria, Frontonia 



Amoeba dubia 



Effect 



Protoplasmic stream- 

 ing, viscosity, distri- 

 bution of granules 



Distribution of mito- 

 chondria and vegeta- 

 tive granules 



Changes in appearance 

 of nuclei due to coagu- 

 lation and permeabil- 

 ity changes 



Coagulation within 

 nucleus 



Form and general ap- 

 pearance 



Vesiculation 



Formation of large, 

 vacuolated bodies in 

 the macronucleus 



Double animal forma- 

 tion 



Fragmentation of 

 macronucleus, 

 various cytoplasmic 

 changes 



Localized coagulation 

 in cytoplasm 



Localized colloidal 

 changes in macronu- 

 cleus 



Change in shape, vesic- 

 ulation 



Various changes, 

 mainly fragmentation 



Reference 



Lytechinus eggs 



Blister formation, 

 hyaline areas formed, 

 pseudomombranes 

 formed 



Variety of nuclear and 

 cytoplasmic changes 



Seifriz (li)36) 

 Horning (1937) 

 Wottge (1939) 



Wels (1938) 

 Black (1936) 



Giese and Leigh- 

 ton (1935a) 



Kimball (1949c) 



Kimball and 

 Gaither (1951) 



Horvath (1947) 



Shirley and 

 Finley (1949) 



Tchakotine 

 (1935c) 



Tchakotine 

 (1936) 



Rentschler and 



Giese (1941) 

 Harvey (1942) 



Hvman and How- 

 land (1940) 



Tenncnt (1942) 



