1158 



RADIATION BIOLOGY 



Lumb (1950). One patient developed a carcinoma of the eyelid thirty- 

 five years after local injection of thorium dioxide (Rudolphi, 1950). 



Maisin and Dupuis (1929) induced embryomas in chickens by intra- 

 venous injection of ionium in combination with injection of embryonic 

 extract into the pectoral muscle. Embryonic extract alone did not induce 

 tumors. The role of the radioactivity of ionium in inducing these 

 embryomas may be doubtful because its half life is 7.6 X 10 4 years. 

 Mottram (1935) induced mesoblastic tumors in fowls by exposure to 

 radium. 



SKULL LESIONS DUE 

 TO RADIATION 

 OSTEITIS 



PULMONARY METASTASES 

 FROM ORBITAL SARCOMA 

 BY WAY OF OPHTHAL- 

 MIC VEIN 



RADIATION 

 OSTEITIS 



PRIMARY OSTEOGENIC 

 SARCOMA OF ORBIT 

 (Anoplostic type) 



SARCOMA OF PLEURA 

 BY CONTINUITY 

 FROM LUNGS 



PRIMARY OSTEOGENIC 

 SARCOMA OF ILIUM 

 (Anoplostic type) 



REGENERATIVE MAR- 

 ROW OF MEGALOBLAS- 

 TIC TYPE 

 ( Panmyelosis ? ) 



Fig. 18-4. Multicentric osteosarcoma in a dial painter with secondary tumor deposits 

 in the lungs and foci of the precancerous radiation osteitis {after Martland, 1931). 



The accidental induction of malignant bone tumors by radioactive 

 substances in luminous watch dial painters (Martland and Humphries, 

 1929, and Martland, 1931) (Figs. 18-4 to 18-6), and skin tumors following 

 therapeutic use of radon seeds (Evans, 1950b) will be described more 

 fully. N0rgaard (1939) described the development of fibrosarcoma in a 

 man following therapeutic intra-articular injection of radium chloride. 



Artificial Radioactive Isotopes. Some radioactive isotopes are now 

 standard therapeutic agents while others are being used experimentally. 

 These include P 32 , I 131 , Au 198 , Mn 52 , Na 24 , Ga 67 , Sr 89 " 90 , and many others 

 (Siri, 1949). The doses employed in cancer therapy are in the carcino- 

 genic range, but so far no patient receiving such therapy has been known 

 to develop a neoplasm. As many as ten to thirty years may elapse 

 before tumors appear. 



