86 DISCOVERY REPORTS 



The figures indicate a slight increase in number of tentacles and lappets during growth of the 

 individuals. I noticed this also in the collection from the west coast of Africa taken by the 'Atlantide ' 

 Expedition (Kramp 1955). The otoporpae are narrow; when their number could be ascertained, it 

 varied between 5 and 10 per lappet. 



Distribution. Pacific coasts of Mexico and Peru; around the Galapagos Islands; Japan. In the 

 Atlantic it has been found north of the Bahamas (Bigelow 19 18), south-west of the Azores (Kramp 

 1948 a), and in several localities off the west coast of Africa between the Canary Islands and Dahomey 

 in the Gulf of Guinea (Kramp 1955). The present collection shows that it also occurs in the tropical 

 West Atlantic and off the east coast of Africa. There is no record in the literature from the Indian 

 Ocean, but during a visit to the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) in 1954 I saw two specimens, correctly 

 identified as C. peregrina, taken near Chagos by 'Sealark', 17. v. 1905; they are 7-7-5 mm. wide 

 with 11-12 tentacles. 



Cunina duplicata Maas 1893 



(PI. VI, fig. 5; PI. VII, figs. I, 2, text-fig. 16) 



1893 Cunina duplicata Maas, p. 52. PI. 5, figs. 9-10. 



Occurrence: St. 100. 30. ix-2. x. 26. 33° 20' S, 15° 18' E to 33° 46' S, 15° 08' E. Net: TYF 0-5 m. 12 specimens; 



TYF 475(-o) m. i specimen. 

 St. 282. 12. viii. 27. 01' 11' S, 05° 38' E. Net: TYF 30o(-o) m. 3 specimens. 

 St. 699. 14. V. 31. 14° 27' 15" N, 30° 02' 15" W. Net: TYFB 370-0 m. i specimen. 

 St. 715. 31.X. 31. 38° 44' 12" S, 49° 18' 42" W. Net: TYFB 230-0 m. i specimen. 

 St. 1370. 18. V. 34. 39° 46' 36" S, 38° 18' 24" E. Net: N 100 B 113-0 m. 5 specimens. 

 St. 1576. 25. iv. 35. 14° 42' S, 42° 22' 12" E. Net: TYFB 400-0 m. i specimen. 

 St. 1606. 31.X. 35. 26° 15' 48" S, 12° 18' E. Net: TYFB 190-0 m. i specimen. 

 St. 1974. I. iii. 37. 52° 58' 24" S, 48° 20' 24" W. Net: TYFB 1600-1000 m. i specimen. 



Stns 100, 282, 699 and 1606 are off the west coast of Africa between the Cape of Good Hope and 

 the Cape Verde Islands; St. 715 is in the West Atlantic off Cape Corrientes, Argentina; St. 1974 is 

 between South Georgia and the Falkland Islands; St. 1370 is south-east of Africa; St. 1576 in the 

 Mozambique Channel (text-fig. 16). 



Cunina duplicata has been observed only once before, when an immature specimen, 20 mm. in 

 diameter with 16 tentacles, was described by Maas from a locality south of the Cape Verde Islands. 

 The most characteristic feature of the species was emphasized as being the regular alternation of 

 eight large and eight small tentacles and large and small gastric pouches. This might simply denote 

 a stage of development lost during further growth, and that is in fact what really happens, as seen in 

 the present specimens. There is, however, a specific character of much greater importance. Among 

 the species of Cunina with many tentacles (more than 8 or 10), duplicata is the only species in which the 

 gastric pouches are narrow, tongue-shaped, and equal in width to, or even narrower than the spaces 

 between them. This is distinctly seen in Maas's figure and in all the specimens examined by me. 



The present collection contains 26 specimens of all sizes, ranging between 4 mm. and 58 mm. 

 in diameter. Some of the young stages are very similar to that described by Maas, large and small 

 gastric pouches and tentacles almost regularly alternate, but later on the development proceeds irregu- 

 larly ; even in the largest specimens new tentacles are developing, and the total number may amount 

 to 27. Another characteristic feature is the considerable width of the lateral parts of the peripheral 

 canals; this is less pronounced in the young stages which, therefore, do not diverge much from 

 Maas's figure, in which the canals are fairly narrow. The present specimens likewise agree with 

 C. duplicata in the number and shape of the otoporpae ; there are usually three on each of the marginal 

 lappets, and they are very small. Previous authors (Mayer 1910, p. 481; Bigelow 1909, p. 57 and 



